Dassuncao Clifton, Pickard Heidi, Pfohl Marisa, Tokranov Andrea K, Li Miling, Mikkelsen Bjarni, Slitt Angela, Sunderland Elsie M
Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA 02138.
Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA 02115.
Environ Sci Technol Lett. 2019 Mar 12;6(3):119-125. doi: 10.1021/acs.estlett.9b00031. Epub 2019 Feb 20.
Exposure to poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) has been linked to many negative health impacts in humans and wildlife. Unlike neutral hydrophobic organic pollutants, many PFASs are ionic and have been hypothesized to accumulate in both phospholipids and protein-rich tissues. Here we investigate the role of phospholipids for PFAS accumulation by analyzing associations among concurrent measurements of phospholipid, total protein, total lipid and 24 PFASs in the heart, muscle, brain, kidney, liver, blubber, placenta and spleen of North Atlantic pilot whales (). The sum of 24 PFASs ( ) was highest in the liver (median 260 ng g; interquartile range (IQR) 216-295 ng g) and brain (86.0; IQR 54.5-91.3 ng g), while phospholipid levels were highest in brain. The relative abundance of PFASs in the brain greatly increases with carbon chain lengths of 10 or greater, suggesting shorter-chained compounds may cross the blood-brain barrier less efficiently. Phospholipids were significant predictors of the tissue distribution of the longest-chained PFASs: perfluorodecanesulfonate (PFDS), perfluorododecanoate (PFDoA), perfluorotridecanoate (PFTrA), and perfluorotetradecanoic acid (PFTA) (r = 0.5-0.6). In all tissues except the brain, each 1 mg g increase in phospholipids led to a 12%-25% increase in the concentration of each PFAS. We conclude that partitioning to phospholipids is an important mechanism of bioaccumulation for long-chained PFASs in marine mammals.
接触多氟和全氟烷基物质（PFASs）已被证明与人类和野生动物的许多负面健康影响有关。与中性疏水有机污染物不同，许多PFASs是离子型的，据推测它们会在富含磷脂和蛋白质的组织中蓄积。在此，我们通过分析北大西洋领航鲸心脏、肌肉、大脑、肾脏、肝脏、鲸脂、胎盘和脾脏中磷脂、总蛋白、总脂质和24种PFASs的同步测量值之间的关联，研究磷脂在PFAS蓄积中的作用。24种PFASs的总和（ ）在肝脏中最高（中位数为260 ng/g；四分位间距（IQR）为216 - 295 ng/g），在大脑中次之（86.0；IQR为54.5 - 91.3 ng/g），而磷脂水平在大脑中最高。大脑中PFASs的相对丰度随着碳链长度达到10或更长而大幅增加，这表明碳链较短的化合物可能较难穿过血脑屏障。磷脂是最长链PFASs（全氟癸烷磺酸（PFDS）、全氟十二烷酸（PFDoA）、全氟十三烷酸（PFTrA）和全氟十四烷酸（PFTA））组织分布的重要预测指标（r = 0.5 - 0.6）。在除大脑外的所有组织中，磷脂每增加1 mg/g，每种PFAS的浓度会增加12% - 25%。我们得出结论，对于海洋哺乳动物体内长链PFASs的生物蓄积而言，分配到磷脂中是一种重要机制。
