Norris Shane A, Griffiths P, Pettifor John M, Dunger David B, Cameron N
MRC Mineral Metabolism Research Unit, Paediatrics, University of Witwatersrand and Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Ann Hum Biol. 2009 Jan-Feb;36(1):21-7. doi: 10.1080/03014460802620694.
The World Health Organization (WHO) recently developed growth standards to overcome the limitations of previous references.
The aim of this study was to compare the growth patterns of a cohort of children using the National Centre for Health Statistics (NCHS), the Centre for Disease Control (CDC), and WHO 2006 references/standards, and to evaluate the implications of adopting WHO standards.
Using growth data (0-5 years) from the 1990 South African Birth to Twenty cohort in Johannesburg-Soweto, Z-scores were derived for weight-for-age, length/height-for age, and weight-for-length/height from the NCHS and CDC references, and WHO 2006 standards.
The pattern of mean Z-score change observed when applying the NCHS and CDC references was similar to one another, but different to that obtained when using the WHO 2006 standard. WHO 2006 identified children as being generally more stunted and more overweight.
Discourse on the implementation of WHO 2006 and the impact on the primary health care system and public health monitoring in South Africa is needed, and sufficient planning is critical around not only the implementation of WHO 2006 but also maintaining comparability with historical malnutrition data.
世界卫生组织（WHO）最近制定了生长标准，以克服先前参考标准的局限性。
本研究的目的是比较一组儿童使用美国国家卫生统计中心（NCHS）、疾病控制中心（CDC）和WHO 2006参考标准/生长标准的生长模式，并评估采用WHO标准的影响。
利用1990年约翰内斯堡-索韦托地区南非从出生到20岁队列研究中的生长数据（0至5岁），根据NCHS、CDC参考标准以及WHO 2006标准得出年龄别体重、年龄别身长/身高和身长/身高别体重的Z评分。
应用NCHS和CDC参考标准时观察到的平均Z评分变化模式彼此相似，但与使用WHO 2006标准时获得的模式不同。WHO 2006标准显示儿童总体上发育迟缓更严重且超重情况更普遍。
需要开展关于实施WHO 2006标准以及其对南非初级卫生保健系统和公共卫生监测影响的讨论，不仅要围绕WHO 2006标准的实施进行充分规划，还要保持与历史营养不良数据的可比性，这一点至关重要。
