Jemec Anita, Drobne Damjana, Remskar Maja, Sepcić Kristina, Tisler Tatjana
National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Environ Toxicol Chem. 2008 Sep;27(9):1904-14. doi: 10.1897/08-036.1.
The effects of ingested nano-sized titanium dioxide (TiO2; anatase, 15 nm) on the terrestrial isopod Porcellio scaber (Isopoda, Crustacea) after short-term (3-d) dietary exposure were studied. Activities of antioxidant enzymes, such as catalase (CAT) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST), in digestive glands were affected in a dose-independent manner, but higher-level isopod endpoints, including weight change, feeding rate, food assimilation efficiency, and survival, were not affected up to the highest tested concentration of TiO2 in food (3,000 microg/g). Exposure concentrations of 0.5, 2,000, and 3,000 microg nonsonicated TiO2/g food decreased CAT and GST activities, but intermediate concentrations (1, 10, 100, and 1,000 microg/g food) did not result in significant changes of enzyme activities. When the dispersion of TiO2 was sonicated, no effects on enzyme activities or higher-level biomarkers were observed. The experimental setup with terrestrial isopods designed for dissolved chemicals also is suitable for testing the effects of ingested nanoparticles, but the presentation of toxicity data needs to be adapted according to the mode of action of the nanoparticles and their specific characteristics.
研究了短期（3天）膳食暴露后，摄入纳米级二氧化钛（TiO2；锐钛矿型，15纳米）对陆生等足动物鼠妇（等足目，甲壳纲）的影响。消化腺中过氧化氢酶（CAT）和谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶（GST）等抗氧化酶的活性受到非剂量依赖性影响，但在食物中二氧化钛的最高测试浓度（3000微克/克）下，包括体重变化、摄食率、食物同化效率和存活率在内的更高水平的等足动物指标未受影响。0.5、2000和3000微克未超声处理的二氧化钛/克食物的暴露浓度降低了CAT和GST的活性，但中等浓度（1、10、100和1000微克/克食物）并未导致酶活性的显著变化。当二氧化钛分散体进行超声处理时，未观察到对酶活性或更高水平生物标志物的影响。为溶解化学品设计的陆生等足动物实验装置也适用于测试摄入纳米颗粒的影响，但毒性数据的呈现需要根据纳米颗粒的作用方式及其特定特性进行调整。
