Frank E, Sanes J R
Department of Neurobiology, Anatomy, and Cell Science, University of Pittsburgh Medical School, PA 15261.
Development. 1991 Apr;111(4):895-908. doi: 10.1242/dev.111.4.895.
We used retrovirus-mediated gene transfer to study the lineage of neural crest cells in chick embryos. Individual crest cells were infected before they migrated from the neural tube, and their clonal progeny were subsequently revealed in sensory ganglia and associated structures by a histochemical stain for the viral gene product (lacZ). We found that crest cells were multipotential in several respects. (1) Many clones contained both ventrolateral (VL) and dorsomedial (DM) neurons, which had been suggested to be lineally distinct. (2) Many clones contained both large and small neurons, which are known to innervate distinct targets. (3) Many clones contained multiple glial subtypes, e.g. both Schwann cells, which ensheath axons, and satellite cells, which ensheath neuronal somata. (4) Many clones contained both neurons and glial cells. On the other hand, a sizeable minority of clones was homogenous, e.g. they contained only neurons or only glial cells--suggesting that some progenitors may be, or become, restricted in potential. Finally, this study provides the first opportunity to compare directly the two methods currently available for tracing cell lineage in vertebrate embryos, retroviral infection and tracer injection: our results and those of Bronner-Fraser and Fraser (1989), who used the latter method, provide complementary but consistent views of crest lineage.
我们利用逆转录病毒介导的基因转移来研究鸡胚中神经嵴细胞的谱系。在单个嵴细胞从神经管迁移之前对其进行感染，随后通过对病毒基因产物（lacZ）的组织化学染色，在感觉神经节及相关结构中揭示其克隆后代。我们发现嵴细胞在几个方面具有多能性。（1）许多克隆同时包含腹外侧（VL）和背内侧（DM）神经元，而此前认为这两种神经元在谱系上是不同的。（2）许多克隆同时包含大神经元和小神经元，已知它们支配不同的靶标。（3）许多克隆包含多种神经胶质细胞亚型，例如既包含包裹轴突的施万细胞，也包含包裹神经元胞体的卫星细胞。（4）许多克隆同时包含神经元和神经胶质细胞。另一方面，相当一部分克隆是同质的，例如它们只包含神经元或只包含神经胶质细胞——这表明一些祖细胞可能在潜能上受到限制或变得受限。最后，这项研究首次提供了直接比较目前可用于追踪脊椎动物胚胎细胞谱系的两种方法的机会，即逆转录病毒感染和示踪剂注射：我们的结果以及使用后一种方法的布朗纳 - 弗雷泽和弗雷泽（1989年）的结果，对嵴细胞谱系提供了互补但一致的观点。
