Kemp-Harper Barbara, Schmidt Harald H H W
Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Melbourne (Clayton), VIC, 3800, Australia.
Handb Exp Pharmacol. 2009(191):447-67. doi: 10.1007/978-3-540-68964-5_19.
Cyclic guanosine 3', 5'-monophosphate (cGMP) plays an integral role in the control of vascular function. Generated from guanylate cyclases in response to the endogenous ligands, nitric oxide (NO) and natriuretic peptides (NPs), cGMP influences a number of vascular cell types and regulates vasomotor tone, endothelial permeability, cell growth and differentiation, as well as platelet and blood cell interactions. Reciprocal regulation of the NO-cGMP and NP-cGMP pathways is evident in the vasculature such that one cGMP generating system may compensate for the dysfunction of the other. Indeed, aberrant cGMP production and/or signalling accompanies many vascular disorders such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease and diabetic complications. This chapter highlights the main vascular functions of cGMP, its role in disease and the resulting current and potential therapeutic applications. With respect to pulmonary hypertension, heart failure and erectile dysfunction, as well as cGMP signal transduction, the reader is specifically referred to other dedicated chapters.
环磷酸鸟苷（cGMP）在血管功能的调控中发挥着不可或缺的作用。cGMP由鸟苷酸环化酶响应内源性配体一氧化氮（NO）和利钠肽（NPs）生成，影响多种血管细胞类型，并调节血管舒缩张力、内皮通透性、细胞生长与分化，以及血小板和血细胞相互作用。在血管系统中，NO - cGMP和NP - cGMP途径的相互调节很明显，以至于一个cGMP生成系统可以补偿另一个系统的功能障碍。事实上，许多血管疾病如高血压、动脉粥样硬化、冠状动脉疾病和糖尿病并发症都伴随着cGMP生成异常和/或信号转导异常。本章重点介绍cGMP的主要血管功能、其在疾病中的作用以及由此产生的当前和潜在治疗应用。关于肺动脉高压、心力衰竭和勃起功能障碍，以及cGMP信号转导，读者可具体参考其他专门章节。
