Sawhney Rajinder S, Liu Wensheng, Brattain Michael G
Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, SUNY at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA.
J Cell Physiol. 2009 Apr;219(1):152-61. doi: 10.1002/jcp.21662.
In metastatic cancer, high expression levels of vitronectin (VN) receptors (integrins), FAK, and ERK5 are reported. We hypothesized that integrin-mediated ERK5 activation via FAK may play a pivotal role in cell adhesion, motility, and metastasis. ERK5 and FAK phosphorylation when metastatic MDA-MB-231 and PC-3 cells were plated on VN was enhanced. Further experiments showed co-immunoprecipitation of integrins beta1, alpha V beta 3, or alpha V beta 5 with ERK5 and FAK. To gain better insight into the mechanism of ERK5, FAK, and VN receptors in cell adhesion and motility, we performed loss-of-function experiments using integrin blocking antibodies, and specific mutants of FAK and ERK5. Ectopic expression of dominant negative ERK5/AEF decreased ERK5 and FAK (Y397) phosphorylation, cell adhesion, and haptotactic motility (micromotion) on VN. Additionally, DN FAK expression attenuated ERK5 phosphorylation, cell adhesion, and motility. This study documents the novel finding that in breast and prostate cancer cells, ERK5 is a critical target of FAK in cell adhesion signaling. Using different cancer cells, our experiments unveil a novel mechanism by which VN receptors and FAK could promote cancer metastasis via ERK5 activation.
在转移性癌症中,据报道玻连蛋白(VN)受体(整合素)、黏着斑激酶(FAK)和细胞外信号调节激酶5(ERK5)的表达水平较高。我们推测整合素通过FAK介导的ERK5激活可能在细胞黏附、迁移和转移中起关键作用。当转移性MDA-MB-231和PC-3细胞接种在VN上时,ERK5和FAK的磷酸化增强。进一步的实验表明整合素β1、αVβ3或αVβ5与ERK5和FAK存在共免疫沉淀。为了更深入了解ERK5、FAK和VN受体在细胞黏附和迁移中的机制,我们使用整合素阻断抗体以及FAK和ERK5的特异性突变体进行了功能缺失实验。显性负性ERK5/AEF的异位表达降低了ERK5和FAK(Y397)的磷酸化、细胞黏附以及在VN上的趋触性迁移(微运动)。此外,显性负性FAK的表达减弱了ERK5的磷酸化、细胞黏附和迁移。本研究记录了一项新发现,即在乳腺癌和前列腺癌细胞中,ERK5是细胞黏附信号中FAK的关键靶点。通过使用不同的癌细胞,我们的实验揭示了一种新机制,即VN受体和FAK可通过激活ERK5促进癌症转移。