Magai Carol, Consedine Nathan S, Fiori Katherine L, King Arlene R
Long Island University, Brooklyn, New York.
J Aging Health. 2009 Mar;21(2):286-313. doi: 10.1177/0898264308328980. Epub 2008 Dec 16.
The present study was designed to assess the impact of experimentally manipulating positive and negative self-disclosure on three domains of well-being among healthy middle-aged and older adults: emotional, psychological, and physical.
Using a modified self-disclosure paradigm for sad, mixed (sad and happy), and neutral content, the authors examine changes in depressive symptomatology, stress, sad and happy mood, and self-reported health across 4 weeks in a sample (N = 200) of African American and European American men and women (age M = 54 years).
Consistent with research on younger groups, health symptomatology declined over time (irrespective of condition). However, although African Americans reported reductions in stress and depressive symptomatology in the sad condition, European Americans experienced similar reductions only in the neutral condition.
Results are discussed in terms of applications of the self-disclosure paradigm to developmentally and ethnically diverse groups.
本研究旨在评估对健康的中老年人的积极和消极自我表露进行实验性操控，对幸福感三个方面（情绪、心理和身体）的影响。
作者采用针对悲伤、混合（悲伤与快乐）和中性内容的改良自我表露范式，对200名非裔美国人和欧裔美国男性及女性（平均年龄54岁）的样本进行为期4周的观察，研究抑郁症状、压力、悲伤和快乐情绪以及自我报告的健康状况的变化。
与针对较年轻群体的研究一致，健康症状随时间推移有所减轻（无论处于何种条件下）。然而，尽管非裔美国人在悲伤情境下报告压力和抑郁症状有所减轻，但欧裔美国人仅在中性情境下有类似程度的减轻。
根据自我表露范式在不同发展阶段和种族群体中的应用对研究结果进行了讨论。
