Ryall R L, Harnett R M, Hibberd C M, Edyvane K A, Marshall V R
Department of Surgery, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia.
Urol Res. 1991;19(3):181-8. doi: 10.1007/BF00303747.
The effects of physiological concentrations of chondroitin sulphate, human serum albumin and Tamm-Horsfall mucoprotein on the crystallization of calcium oxalate in undiluted, ultrafiltered human urine were investigated using particle size analysis and scanning electron microscopy. Neither the amount of oxalate required to induce detectable calcium oxalate crystal nucleation nor crystal morphology was affected by the presence of any of these macromolecules. Chondroitin sulphate had no effect on the amount of crystalline material deposited or on the size of the particles precipitated in response to a standard oxalate load. Human serum albumin slightly reduced the size of the crystal aggregates and caused a small increase in the amount of crystal matter precipitated. By contrast, Tamm-Horsfall mucoprotein significantly inhibited crystal aggregation and markedly increased the volume of matter deposited, although this could not be attributed to a promotion of solute precipitation. It was concluded that chondroitin sulphate, human serum albumin and Tamm-Horsfall mucoprotein cannot account for the inhibitory effects of macromolecules with a relative mass greater than 10 kDa in spun and filtered urine. Nonetheless, Tamm-Horsfall mucoprotein is likely to inhibit crystal aggregation in whole urine in vivo and may therefore be instrumental in preventing calcium oxalate stone formation.
采用粒度分析和扫描电子显微镜，研究了生理浓度的硫酸软骨素、人血清白蛋白和Tamm-Horsfall粘蛋白对未稀释的超滤人尿中草酸钙结晶的影响。这些大分子的存在既不影响诱导可检测到的草酸钙晶体成核所需的草酸盐量，也不影响晶体形态。硫酸软骨素对沉积的结晶物质的量或响应标准草酸盐负荷沉淀的颗粒大小没有影响。人血清白蛋白略微减小了晶体聚集体的大小，并使沉淀的晶体物质的量略有增加。相比之下，Tamm-Horsfall粘蛋白显著抑制晶体聚集，并显著增加沉积物质的体积，尽管这不能归因于促进溶质沉淀。得出的结论是，硫酸软骨素、人血清白蛋白和Tamm-Horsfall粘蛋白不能解释在离心和过滤尿液中相对质量大于10 kDa的大分子的抑制作用。尽管如此，Tamm-Horsfall粘蛋白可能在体内抑制全尿中的晶体聚集，因此可能有助于预防草酸钙结石的形成。
