Kowalewska Anna, Mazur Joanna, Woynarowska Barbara
Katedra Biomedycznych Podstaw Rozwoju i Wychowania, Wydział Pedagogiczny, Uniwersytet Warszawski, 00-561 Warszawa, ul. Mokotowska 16/20.
Rocz Panstw Zakl Hig. 2004;55(4):363-75.
The aim of the study was: (1) to assess the prevalence and intensity of tobacco smoking among 11 to 15-year old Polish adolescents in 2002; (2) to test the relationships between peer, parental and adolescents smoking; (3) acceptance of smoking among parents and friends; (4) smoking in the presence of parents and friends. The study was conducted in 2002 within the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children: A WHO Collaborative Cross-national Study. The international standard questionnaire was used. A sample was selected as representative for general school population at three age groups: 11.7; 13.7; and 15.7. It was found that 44% of youth had already started to smoke tobacco, and 17% has smoked cigarettes with different frequency, 8% smoked everyday The higher percentage of regular smokers was found among the adolescents whose parents and peers smoked everyday. The rate of smokers who perceived their peers as smoking persons has considerably increased with age and depended on fact whether a tested person smoked himself/herself or not. Smoking among young people has taken place in various circumstances but most often in the company of other smoking people. They started to smoke alone very seldom. Frequency and intensity of smoking in various situations increase with age. One person in ten received the permission for smoking at home at the presence of their parents. Results of the survey may be used in school and local preventive interventions.
（1）评估2002年波兰11至15岁青少年的吸烟率及吸烟强度；（2）检验同伴、父母与青少年吸烟之间的关系；（3）父母和朋友对吸烟的接受程度；（4）在父母和朋友面前吸烟的情况。该研究于2002年在“学龄儿童健康行为：世界卫生组织跨国合作研究”项目中开展。使用了国际标准问卷。选取了具有代表性的样本，涵盖三个年龄组的在校学生：11.7岁；13.7岁；和15.7岁。结果发现，44%的青少年已经开始吸烟，17%的青少年有不同频率的吸烟行为，8%的青少年每天吸烟。父母和同伴每天都吸烟的青少年中，经常吸烟者的比例更高。认为同伴吸烟的吸烟者比例随年龄显著增加，且取决于被测试者自身是否吸烟。年轻人在各种情况下都有吸烟行为，但最常见的是在其他吸烟者的陪伴下。他们很少独自开始吸烟。不同情况下吸烟的频率和强度随年龄增加。十分之一的人在父母在场时得到了在家吸烟的许可。该调查结果可用于学校和地方的预防干预措施。
