Department of Clinical Studies, University of Pennsylvania, School of Veterinary Medicine, New Bolton Center, Kennett Square, PA 19348, USA.
Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2009 Jun;17(6):705-13. doi: 10.1016/j.joca.2008.11.008. Epub 2008 Nov 21.
Review the literature for single site cartilage defect research and evaluate the respective strengths and weaknesses of different preclinical animal models.
A literature search for animal models evaluating single site cartilage defects was performed. Variables tabulated and analyzed included animal species, age and number, defect depth and diameter and study duration. Cluster analyses were then used to separate animals with only distal femoral defects into similar groups based on defect dimensions. Representative human studies were included allowing comparison of common clinical lesions to animal models. The suitability of each species for single site cartilage defect research and its relevance to clinical human practice is then discussed.
One hundred thirteen studies relating to single site cartilage defects were reviewed. Cluster analysis included 101 studies and placed the murine, laprine, ovine, canine, porcine and caprine models in group 1. Group 2 contained ovine, canine, porcine, caprine and equine models. Group 3 contained only equine models and humans. Species in each group are similar with regard to defect dimensions. Some species occur in multiple groups reflecting utilization of a variety defect sizes. We report and discuss factors to be considered when selecting a preclinical animal model for single site cartilage defect research.
Standardization of study design and outcome parameters would help to compare different studies evaluating various novel therapeutic concepts. Comparison to the human clinical counterpart during study design may help increase the predictive value of preclinical research using animal models and improve the process of developing efficacious therapies.
回顾单部位软骨缺损研究文献，评估不同临床前动物模型的优缺点。
对评估单部位软骨缺损的动物模型进行文献检索。列记录并分析的变量包括动物种类、年龄和数量、缺损深度和直径以及研究持续时间。然后使用聚类分析将仅存在股骨远端缺损的动物根据缺损尺寸分为相似的组。纳入了代表性的人类研究，以便将常见的临床病变与动物模型进行比较。然后讨论每种动物用于单部位软骨缺损研究的适宜性及其与临床实践的相关性。
共回顾了 113 篇关于单部位软骨缺损的研究。聚类分析纳入了 101 项研究，将鼠、兔、羊、犬、猪和山羊模型置于第 1 组。第 2 组包含绵羊、犬、猪、山羊和马模型。第 3 组仅包含马模型和人类。每组中的物种在缺损尺寸方面相似。有些物种存在于多个组中，反映了多种缺损大小的利用。我们报告并讨论了在选择单部位软骨缺损临床前动物模型时需要考虑的因素。
研究设计和结果参数的标准化将有助于比较评估各种新治疗概念的不同研究。在研究设计中与人类临床对应物进行比较可能有助于提高使用动物模型进行临床前研究的预测价值，并改善开发有效疗法的过程。
