Woo Minjung, Kim Sungwoon, Kim Jingu, Petruzzello Steven J, Hatfield Bradley D
Department of Kinesiology, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742-2611, USA.
Int J Psychophysiol. 2009 May;72(2):166-72. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2008.12.003. Epub 2008 Dec 10.
The "feel better" effect of exercise has been well established, but the specific influence of exercise duration on affect has not been systematically studied from a multi-level measurement approach. Such an approach offers the opportunity to assess psychophysiological responses that relate to psychological state. One relevant response is the change in frontal brain processes indexed by anterior EEG asymmetry, which is related to approach-withdrawal orientation and affective state [Davidson, R.J., 1993. Cerebral asymmetry and emotion: conceptual and methodological conundrums. Cogn. Emot. 7, 138; Davidson, R.J., 1998. Anterior electrophysiological asymmetries, emotion, and depression: Conceptual and methodological conundrums. Psychophysiology 35(5), 607-614.]. To examine the relationship between exercise duration and affective response, as well as the role of frontal brain processes in this relationship, female undergraduate students (N=16, VO(2) max=35.93 ml kg(-1) min(-1), aged 19-23 yrs) were assessed for frontal EEG and self-reported affective responses, as measured by the Profile of Mood States (POMS), following rest and three different durations of exercise (15, 30 and 45 min) performed at a standardized intensity (i.e., just below the ventilatory threshold (VT)). Psychological vigor and frontal EEG asymmetry following exercise of 30 min were elevated compared to that observed following rest and other exercise durations (i.e., 15, 45 min). The results support a dose-response relationship between exercise duration and affect characterized by an inverted-U. Furthermore, the covariance analysis, conducted to assess the role of cortical activation at the homologous sites in the post-exercise affective response, suggests that the enhanced vigor observed after 30 min of exercise results from the reduction of withdrawal-oriented processes rather than the facilitation of approach-oriented processes.
运动带来的“感觉更好”的效果已得到充分证实，但从多层次测量方法的角度来看，运动时长对情感的具体影响尚未得到系统研究。这种方法为评估与心理状态相关的心理生理反应提供了契机。一种相关反应是由前额脑电图不对称性所指示的额叶脑区过程的变化，这与趋近-回避取向和情感状态相关[戴维森，R.J.，1993年。大脑不对称性与情感：概念和方法上的难题。认知与情感7，138；戴维森，R.J.，1998年。前额电生理不对称性、情感与抑郁：概念和方法上的难题。心理生理学35(5)，607 - 614]。为了检验运动时长与情感反应之间的关系，以及额叶脑区过程在这种关系中的作用，我们对16名本科女生（最大摄氧量VO₂max = 35.93毫升·千克⁻¹·分钟⁻¹，年龄19 - 23岁）进行了评估，测量她们在休息状态以及以标准化强度（即略低于通气阈值(VT)）进行三种不同时长（15、30和45分钟）运动后的前额脑电图和自我报告的情感反应，情感反应通过情绪状态剖面图(POMS)来衡量。与休息状态及其他运动时长（即15分钟、45分钟）相比，30分钟运动后的心理活力和前额脑电图不对称性有所提高。结果支持了运动时长与情感之间存在倒U型的剂量反应关系。此外，为评估运动后情感反应中同源部位皮质激活作用而进行的协方差分析表明，30分钟运动后观察到的活力增强是由于回避取向过程的减少，而非趋近取向过程的促进。
