Boparai Josheil K, Dunnett Sarah, Wu Michelle, Tassone Vanessa K, Duffy Sophie F, Zuluaga Cuartas Valentina, Chen Ziming, Jung Hyejung, Sabiston Catherine M, Lou Wendy, Bhat Venkat
Interventional Psychiatry Program, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Department of Biostatistics, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Interact J Med Res. 2024 Jul 5;13:e48396. doi: 10.2196/48396.
Prior literature suggests a dose-response relationship between physical activity (PA) and depressive symptoms. The intensity and domain of PA are suggested to be critical to its protective effect against depression; however, existing literature has shown mixed results.
The purpose of this population-based study is to examine the associations between depressive symptoms and weekly duration of (1) total PA and (2) PA subset by intensity, domain, or both.
A cross-sectional analysis of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data from 2007 to 2018 was conducted using multivariable logistic and linear regression models and survey weights. Participants (N=29,730) were 20 years and older and completed the Physical Activity Questionnaire and Depression Screener. The primary outcome was the presence of depressive symptoms, and the secondary outcomes were cognitive-affective and somatic symptoms of depression.
Participants (N=29,730) had a weighted mean age of 47.62 (SD 16.99) years, and 15,133 (51.34%) were female. On average, participants without depressive symptoms engaged in 10.87 hours of total PA per week, whereas participants with depressive symptoms engaged in 8.82 hours (P<.001). No significant associations were seen between the weekly duration of total PA and depressive symptom odds, somatic, or cognitive-affective symptoms (all P>.05). Participants with an increased weekly duration of recreational PA had decreases in depressive symptom odds (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.965, 95% CI 0.944-0.986) and in somatic (adjusted coefficient [aβ]=-0.016, 95% CI -0.022 to -0.009) and cognitive-affective (aβ=-0.015, 95% CI -0.023 to -0.007) symptoms. When recreational PA was subset by intensity, participants with an increased weekly duration of vigorous-intensity recreational PA had decreases in depressive symptom odds (aOR 0.926, 95% CI 0.883-0.972) and in somatic (aβ=-0.021, 95% CI -0.032 to -0.010) and cognitive-affective (aβ=-0.022, 95% CI -0.035 to -0.009) symptoms. However, significant associations were not seen for the weekly duration of work-related, moderate- or vigorous-intensity PAs (all P>.05).
Findings suggest that recreational, not work-related PA is associated with reduced symptoms of depression. Future studies should explore the impact of the different types and contexts of PA on depressive symptomatology.
既往文献表明身体活动（PA）与抑郁症状之间存在剂量反应关系。PA的强度和领域对其预防抑郁的作用至关重要；然而，现有文献的结果不一。
这项基于人群的研究旨在探讨抑郁症状与（1）总PA以及（2）按强度、领域或两者划分的PA子集的每周时长之间的关联。
使用多变量逻辑回归和线性回归模型以及调查权重，对2007年至2018年国家健康与营养检查调查数据进行横断面分析。参与者（N = 29,730）年龄在20岁及以上，完成了身体活动问卷和抑郁筛查。主要结局是抑郁症状的存在，次要结局是抑郁的认知情感和躯体症状。
参与者（N = 29,730）的加权平均年龄为47.62（标准差16.99）岁，女性有15,133名（51.34%）。平均而言，没有抑郁症状的参与者每周进行10.87小时的总PA，而有抑郁症状的参与者进行8.82小时（P <.001）。总PA的每周时长与抑郁症状几率、躯体或认知情感症状之间未发现显著关联（所有P >.05）。每周娱乐性PA时长增加的参与者抑郁症状几率降低（调整优势比[aOR] 0.965，95%可信区间0.944 - 0.986），躯体（调整系数[aβ]= -0.016，95%可信区间 -0.022至 -0.009）和认知情感（aβ = -0.015，95%可信区间 -0.023至 -0.007）症状也降低。当按强度对娱乐性PA进行子集分析时，每周剧烈强度娱乐性PA时长增加的参与者抑郁症状几率降低（aOR 0.926，95%可信区间0.883 - 0.972），躯体（aβ = -0.021，95%可信区间 -0.032至 -0.010）和认知情感（aβ = -0.022，95%可信区间 -0.035至 -0.009）症状也降低。然而，与工作相关的中等或剧烈强度PA的每周时长未发现显著关联（所有P >.05）。
研究结果表明，与抑郁症状减轻相关的是娱乐性PA，而非与工作相关的PA。未来的研究应探讨不同类型和背景的PA对抑郁症状学的影响。
