Jokipii-Lukkari Soile, Frey Alexander D, Kallio Pauli T, Häggman Hely
Department of Biology, PO Box 3000, 90014 University of Oulu, Finland.
J Exp Bot. 2009;60(2):409-22. doi: 10.1093/jxb/ern320. Epub 2009 Jan 6.
To date, haemoglobins (Hbs) have been shown to exist in all kingdoms of life. The least studied and understood groups are plant non-symbiotic haemoglobins (nsHbs) and the recently found plant truncated Hbs (trHbs). From a biotechnological point of view, the best characterized and almost exclusively applied Hb is the bacterial Vitreoscilla haemoglobin (VHb). In this review, the present state of knowledge of structural features and ligand binding kinetics of plant nsHbs and trHbs and their proposed roles as oxygen carriers, oxygen sensors, and for oxygen storage, in nitric oxide (NO) detoxification, and in peroxidase activity are described. Furthermore, in order to predict the functioning of plant Hbs, their characteristics will be compared with those of the better known bacterial globins. In this context, the effects of heterologous applications of VHb on plants are reviewed. Finally, the challenging future of plant Hb research is discussed.
迄今为止，血红蛋白（Hbs）已被证明存在于所有生物界。研究最少且了解最少的类别是植物非共生血红蛋白（nsHbs）和最近发现的植物截短型血红蛋白（trHbs）。从生物技术的角度来看，特征最明确且几乎唯一应用的血红蛋白是细菌透明颤菌血红蛋白（VHb）。在这篇综述中，描述了植物nsHbs和trHbs的结构特征和配体结合动力学的当前知识状态，以及它们作为氧载体、氧传感器、用于氧储存、在一氧化氮（NO）解毒和过氧化物酶活性方面所提出的作用。此外，为了预测植物血红蛋白的功能，将把它们的特征与更知名的细菌球蛋白的特征进行比较。在此背景下，综述了VHb在植物中的异源应用效果。最后，讨论了植物血红蛋白研究充满挑战的未来。
