Dezutter Jessie, Soenens Bart, Luyckx Koen, Bruyneel Sabrina, Vansteenkiste Maarten, Duriez Bart, Hutsebaut Dirk
Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Leuven, Tiensestraat 102 Bus 3715, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
Death Stud. 2009 Jan;33(1):73-92. doi: 10.1080/07481180802494289.
Although it is widely assumed that religiosity plays an important role in individuals' attitudes about death, research to date has failed to reveal consistent associations between religiosity and death attitudes. Drawing from D. M. Wulff's (1991) multidimensional model of religiosity, the authors examined associations between religious attitudes as measured by the Post-Critical Belief Scale and death attitudes as assessed by the Death Attitude Profile--Revised. In total, 471 Dutch-speaking Belgian adults completed both questionnaires. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were used to asses the unique contribution of the religious attitudes in the prediction of the death attitudes. First, results show that religious people are more likely to endorse an approach acceptance attitude toward death, indicating that religiosity as such is related to belief in an afterlife. Second, people holding a literal attitude toward religion report more death anxiety, indicating that the processing of religious contents is related to defensiveness toward death. Finally, the specific combination of the two dimensions seems important in the prediction of a neutral acceptance attitude. The relevance of our findings for future research on religiosity and death attitudes is discussed.
尽管人们普遍认为宗教信仰在个体对死亡的态度中起着重要作用，但迄今为止的研究未能揭示宗教信仰与死亡态度之间的一致关联。作者借鉴D. M. 伍尔夫（1991）的宗教信仰多维模型，考察了用批判后信念量表测量的宗教态度与用修订版死亡态度剖面图评估的死亡态度之间的关联。共有471名讲荷兰语的比利时成年人完成了这两份问卷。采用分层多元回归分析来评估宗教态度在预测死亡态度方面的独特贡献。首先，结果表明，有宗教信仰的人更倾向于认可对死亡的接纳态度，这表明宗教信仰本身与对来世的信仰有关。其次，对宗教持字面态度的人表现出更多的死亡焦虑，这表明对宗教内容的处理与对死亡的防御有关。最后，这两个维度的特定组合在预测中立接纳态度方面似乎很重要。本文讨论了我们的研究结果对未来宗教信仰与死亡态度研究的相关性。
