Sharman James E, Stowasser Michael
School of Human Movement Studies, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia.
J Sci Med Sport. 2009 Mar;12(2):252-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2008.10.009. Epub 2009 Jan 14.
Hypertension (high blood pressure; BP) is a leading contributor to premature death and disability from cardiovascular disease. Lifestyle modification that includes regular physical activity is often recommended to patients with hypertension as one of the first line treatments for lowering BP, as well as improving overall risk for cardiovascular events. It is recognised that allied health care professionals play an important role in helping patients to achieve BP control by influencing and reinforcing appropriate lifestyle behavior. The minimum amount of exercise that is recommended in patients with hypertension comprises a mix of moderate to vigorous aerobic (endurance) activity (up to 5 days/week) in addition to resistance (strength) training (on 2 or more non-consecutive days/week). However, due to the dose-response relationship between physical activity and health, exercise levels performed beyond the minimum recommendations are expected to confer additional health benefits. Vigorous exercise training is generally safe and well tolerated by most people, including those with hypertension, although some special considerations are required and these are discussed in this review.
高血压（高血压；BP）是心血管疾病导致过早死亡和残疾的主要因素。对于高血压患者，通常建议将包括定期体育活动在内的生活方式改变作为降低血压以及改善心血管事件总体风险的一线治疗方法之一。人们认识到，专职医疗保健专业人员在通过影响和强化适当的生活方式行为来帮助患者实现血压控制方面发挥着重要作用。高血压患者建议的最低运动量包括中度至剧烈的有氧运动（耐力运动）（每周最多5天）以及阻力（力量）训练（每周2天或更多非连续天数）。然而，由于体育活动与健康之间存在剂量反应关系，超出最低建议的运动水平预计会带来额外的健康益处。剧烈运动训练通常对大多数人，包括高血压患者来说是安全且耐受性良好的，尽管需要一些特殊考虑，本文对此进行了讨论。
