Sharma Madhu, Singh Amarjeet
School of Public Health, Department of Community Medicine, Pgimer, Chandigarh, India.
Ann Ital Chir. 2008 Sep-Oct;79(5):341-6.
A cross sectional survey was conducted on Ward N.8 of Naraingarh, District Ambala, Haryana. North India from February to June 2004. Sample size was calculated to be 245. All members present in the house at the time of visit were included in the study. A focus group discussion on eye disorders was also conducted in the community.
A total of 73 houses (223 persons) were surveyed. The point prevalence of cases of ocular morbidity was 40% and that of ocular morbid conditions was 55%. Ocular morbidity rate was 1.4 conditions per person. Prevalence of refractive errors (26%) was highest followed by presbyopia (7.2%) and cataract (7.2%). Consultation rate for treatment was 45%. Compliance to treatment was 25%. Reasons for non-compliance were simple non-adoption of the prescribed treatment, mild nature of disease, lack of money. People bought spectacles from street vendors. Money spent on treatment of eye illnesses was less than Rs 500 in 52% of patients and 40% of patients got treatment free of cost. Weakness, poor diet and poverty were told as etiological factors for eye diseases by residents.
A rather high prevalence of ocular morbidity was largely ignored by the sufferers. Three fourths of the patients did not comply with the treatment advised. Quackery and traditional remedies were also witnessed.
1）评估研究区域内眼部疾病的负担；2）确定患有眼部疾病患者的就医行为，尤其关注治疗依从程度；3）评估社区对眼部疾病的认知、态度和行为。
2004年2月至6月，在印度北部哈里亚纳邦安巴拉区纳赖因加尔的第8病房进行了一项横断面调查。计算得出样本量为245。访问时家中所有在场成员均纳入研究。还在社区开展了关于眼部疾病的焦点小组讨论。
共调查了73户家庭（223人）。眼部疾病病例的点患病率为40%，眼部疾病状况的点患病率为55%。眼部疾病发病率为每人1.4种情况。屈光不正的患病率最高（26%），其次是老花眼（7.2%）和白内障（7.2%）。治疗咨询率为45%。治疗依从率为25%。不依从的原因包括简单地不采用规定治疗、疾病性质轻微、缺钱。人们从街头小贩处购买眼镜。52%的患者用于眼部疾病治疗的费用低于500卢比，40%的患者免费接受治疗。居民称虚弱、饮食不良和贫困是眼部疾病的病因。
相当高的眼部疾病患病率在很大程度上被患者忽视。四分之三的患者不遵守所建议的治疗。江湖郎中及传统疗法也很常见。
