Bauer Katherine W, Larson Nicole I, Nelson Melissa C, Story Mary, Neumark-Sztainer Dianne
Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, West Bank Office Building, 1300 South 2nd Street, Suite 300, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA.
Prev Med. 2009 Mar;48(3):284-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2008.12.021. Epub 2009 Jan 7.
To examine secular and longitudinal changes (1999-2004) in fast food intake among adolescents.
Adolescents from Minnesota participating in Project EAT (n=2516) were surveyed in 1999 and 2004. Mixed-model regressions were used to assess secular and longitudinal changes in percentage reporting frequent fast food intake (> or =3 times/week) and weekly fast food intake.
Between 1999 and 2004, a secular increase in the percent of adolescents of middle (high school-aged) adolescents reporting frequent fast food consumption was observed (females: 18.9% to 27.3%, p<.01, males: 23.6% to 30.2%, p=.06). Longitudinal increases in frequent fast food consumption were seen from early to middle adolescence (females: 15.8% to 27.3%, p<.01, males: 16.8% to 30.2%, p<.01), and among males, from middle to late adolescence (23.6% to 32.0%, p<.01).
The secular increase in fast food consumption among middle adolescents suggests that socio-environmental changes between 1999 and 2004 may have contributed to adolescents' fast food intake, while the longitudinal trends indicate the importance of developmental influences on fast food intake. The transition from early to middle adolescence, and for males, from middle into late adolescence, are key periods during which efforts to reduce fast food consumption are needed.
研究青少年快餐摄入量的长期变化及纵向变化（1999 - 2004年）。
对参与“饮食与青少年健康项目（EAT）”的明尼苏达州青少年（n = 2516）于1999年和2004年进行了调查。采用混合模型回归分析，以评估经常食用快餐（≥每周3次）的青少年比例及每周快餐摄入量的长期变化和纵向变化。
1999年至2004年期间，发现中学阶段（高中年龄）青少年中报告经常食用快餐的比例呈长期上升趋势（女性：18.9%至27.3%，p <.01；男性：23.6%至30.2%，p =.06）。从青春期早期到中期，经常食用快餐的情况呈纵向增加（女性：15.8%至27.3%，p <.01；男性：16.8%至30.2%，p <.01），且男性从青春期中期到晚期也呈增加趋势（23.6%至32.0%，p <.01）。
中学阶段青少年快餐消费的长期增加表明，1999年至2004年间的社会环境变化可能促使了青少年快餐摄入量的增加，而纵向趋势则表明发育因素对快餐摄入量具有重要影响。从青春期早期到中期的过渡阶段，以及男性从青春期中期到晚期的过渡阶段，是需要努力减少快餐消费的关键时期。
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