Discipline of Paediatrics, University of Adelaide, Australia.
J Affect Disord. 2009 Sep;117(1-2):48-54. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2008.12.013. Epub 2009 Jan 24.
To investigate prospectively over one year, the extent to which greater exposure to negative life events, greater use of more negative coping strategies, and less use of positive coping strategies and an optimistic thinking style, predicts the onset of depressive symptoms among adolescents.
A prospective longitudinal study of 5,634 adolescents (Mean Age=13.1, SD=0.5) enrolled in Year 8 at secondary school. Standard questionnaires were used to assess depressive symptoms and the predictor variables.
Over a one-year period, there was an independent and statistically significant relationship between transition to a CES-D score above the recommended cut-off score and i) greater exposure to negative life events and use of negative coping strategies, and ii) less use of positive coping strategies and an optimistic thinking style. Among males who experienced a higher number of negative life events, the impact on depressive symptoms was greater among those who made more use of negative coping strategies.
Self-report questionnaires completed by adolescents were employed to evaluate all the variables in the study. Only two assessment points were available. Ten percent of adolescents did not complete the follow-up assessment.
Particularly among females, early adolescence is marked by increased susceptibility to depressive symptoms. Helping young adolescents to adopt more positive coping strategies and optimistic thinking styles may reduce their risk for the onset of depressive symptoms. This may be particularly important for young males who experience high levels of adverse life events and utilise negative coping strategies.
本研究旨在前瞻性地调查超过一年的时间里，青少年经历更多的负面生活事件、更多地使用负面应对策略、更少地使用积极应对策略和乐观思维方式与抑郁症状发作的相关性。
对 5634 名（平均年龄=13.1，标准差=0.5）中学 8 年级的青少年进行前瞻性纵向研究。采用标准问卷评估抑郁症状和预测变量。
在一年的时间里，从 CES-D 得分高于建议临界值到出现抑郁症状，存在独立的统计学显著相关性，与以下因素有关：i）更多地经历负面生活事件和使用负面应对策略；ii）较少使用积极应对策略和乐观思维方式。在经历更多负面生活事件的男性中，更多地使用负面应对策略会对抑郁症状产生更大的影响。
青少年自我报告的问卷用于评估研究中的所有变量。仅在两个评估点可用。10%的青少年没有完成随访评估。
尤其是在女性中，青春期早期是抑郁症状易感性增加的时期。帮助青少年采用更积极的应对策略和乐观思维方式可能会降低他们出现抑郁症状的风险。对于经历高水平不良生活事件并使用消极应对策略的年轻男性来说，这可能尤为重要。
