Pascual-Leone Antonio
Department of Psychology, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario N9B3P4, Canada.
J Consult Clin Psychol. 2009 Feb;77(1):113-26. doi: 10.1037/a0014488.
The study of dynamic and nonlinear change has been a valuable development in psychotherapy process research. However, little advancement has been made in describing how moment-by-moment affective processes contribute to larger units of change. The purpose of this study was to examine observable moment-by-moment sequences in emotional processing as they occurred within productive sessions of experiential therapy. This article further tested A. Pascual-Leone and L. S. Greenberg's (2007) model of emotional processing through a reanalysis of their data sample of 34 sessions in which clients presented with global distress: 17 that ended in poor in-session events and 17 that ended in good in-session events. Current analyses used univariate and bootstrapping statistical methods to examine how dynamic temporal patterns in clients' emotion accumulated moment-by-moment to produce in-session gains in emotional processing. Results show that effective emotional processing was simultaneously associated with steady improvement according to the model as well as increased emotional range. Consequentially, good events were shown to occur in a 2-steps-forward, 1-step-back fashion. Finally, good events were also shown to have progressively shortened emotional collapses, whereas the opposite was true for poor in-session events.
动态和非线性变化的研究在心理治疗过程研究中是一项有价值的进展。然而，在描述逐时情感过程如何促成更大的变化单元方面进展甚微。本研究的目的是考察在体验性治疗的有效疗程中发生的情感加工过程中可观察到的逐时序列。本文通过重新分析A. 帕斯夸尔-莱昂内和L. S. 格林伯格（2007）的34个疗程的数据样本（其中来访者表现出整体困扰：17个以疗程中不良事件结束，17个以疗程中良好事件结束），进一步检验了他们的情感加工模型。当前分析使用单变量和自抽样统计方法，以考察来访者情绪中的动态时间模式如何逐时累积，从而在情感加工方面产生疗程内的进展。结果表明，根据该模型，有效的情感加工与稳步改善以及情绪范围的增加同时相关。因此，良好事件呈现出一种“前进两步，后退一步”的模式。最后，良好事件还表现出情感崩溃逐渐缩短的情况，而疗程中不良事件则相反。
