Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, and Howard Florey Institute, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.
Neuroendocrinology. 2009;89(4):361-9. doi: 10.1159/000197863. Epub 2009 Jan 28.
Angiotensin II acts through specific receptors to alter several brain functions including fluid and electrolyte control, neuroendocrine function and autonomic efferent activity. This review discusses one brain site, the rostral ventrolateral medulla, where the actions of angiotensin II have been intensively studied. The rostral ventrolateral medulla plays a critical role in the generation and regulation of sympathetic activity to the cardiovascular system and hence is important for blood pressure control. Current evidence indicates that angiotensin II activates neurons in the rostral ventrolateral medulla via the AT(1A) receptor. In some models of cardiovascular disease, blockade of AT(1) receptors in the rostral ventrolateral medulla reduces sympathetic nerve activity and blood pressure suggesting that overactivity of the angiotensin system in this nucleus may play a role in the maintenance of high blood pressure.
血管紧张素 II 通过特定的受体作用于大脑，改变包括体液和电解质控制、神经内分泌功能和自主传出活动在内的多种大脑功能。这篇综述讨论了血管紧张素 II 作用被深入研究的一个脑区，即延髓头端腹外侧区。延髓头端腹外侧区在心血管系统交感活动的产生和调节中起着关键作用，因此对血压控制很重要。目前的证据表明，血管紧张素 II 通过 AT(1A)受体激活延髓头端腹外侧区的神经元。在一些心血管疾病模型中，延髓头端腹外侧区 AT(1)受体的阻断可减少交感神经活动和血压，这表明该核内血管紧张素系统的过度活跃可能在高血压的维持中起作用。
