Itin P, Rufli T, Huser B, Rüdlinger R
Dermatologische Universitätsklinik Basel.
Hautarzt. 1991 Aug;42(8):487-91.
Oral hairy leukoplakia was initially reported only in HIV-infected patients and was considered pathognomonic for HIV infection. The presence of Epstein-Barr virus and the decrease in Langerhans cells seem to be necessary for the development of oral hairy leukoplakia. HIV antigen is not present in oral hairy leukoplakia. We report on seven renal transplant recipients with oral hairy leukoplakia. In six of these patients no HIV infection was present. All patients showed marked immunosuppression following a vigorous immunosuppressive regimen. Five patients each had several rejection episodes, which were treated with further immunosuppressive therapy in addition to the basic immunosuppressive regimen. One patient was infected with HIV from the renal graft and another suffered from liver cirrhosis with portal hypertension caused by chronic hepatitis B infection. We believe that oral hairy leukoplakia is a marker for severe immunosuppression that is not necessarily associated with HIV infection. Organ transplant recipients undergoing dermatological check-up should be examined for oral hairy leukoplakia.
口腔毛状白斑最初仅在感染人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的患者中被报道，并被认为是HIV感染的特征性表现。爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒的存在以及朗格汉斯细胞的减少似乎是口腔毛状白斑发生所必需的。口腔毛状白斑中不存在HIV抗原。我们报告了7例肾移植受者患有口腔毛状白斑。其中6例患者未感染HIV。所有患者在接受强效免疫抑制方案后均表现出明显的免疫抑制。5例患者各自经历了多次排斥反应，除基本免疫抑制方案外，还接受了进一步的免疫抑制治疗。1例患者因肾移植感染了HIV，另1例患有由慢性乙型肝炎感染引起的肝硬化伴门静脉高压。我们认为口腔毛状白斑是严重免疫抑制的一个标志，不一定与HIV感染相关。接受皮肤科检查的器官移植受者应检查是否患有口腔毛状白斑。
