Josefson A, Färm G, Magnuson A, Meding B
Department of Dermatology, Orebro University Hospital, Orebro, Sweden.
Br J Dermatol. 2009 Apr;160(4):828-34. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2008.09006.x. Epub 2009 Jan 12.
In population-based studies using self-reported nickel allergy, a hand eczema prevalence of 30-43% has been reported in individuals with nickel allergy. In a previous Swedish study, 958 schoolgirls were patch tested for nickel. In a questionnaire follow up 20 years later no association was found between nickel allergy and hand eczema.
To investigate further the relation between nickel allergy and hand eczema.
Three hundred and sixty-nine women, still living in the same geographical area, now aged 30-40 years, were patch tested and clinically investigated regarding hand eczema.
Patch testing showed 30.1% nickel-positive individuals. The adjusted prevalence proportion ratio (PPR) for hand eczema after age 15 years in relation to nickel patch test results was 1.03 (95% confidence interval, CI 0.71-1.50). A history of childhood eczema was reported by 35.9%, and the PPR for hand eczema in relation to childhood eczema was 3.68 (95% CI 2.45-5.54). When analysing the relation separately in women with and without a history of childhood eczema a statistical interaction was found. The hand eczema risk was doubled in nickel-positive women without a history of childhood eczema, with a PPR of 2.23 (95% CI 1.10-4.49) for hand eczema after age 15 years.
A doubled risk for hand eczema was found in nickel-positive women without a history of childhood eczema. When analysing all participants, there was no statistically significant difference between nickel-positive and nickel-negative women regarding occurrence of hand eczema. The most important risk factor for hand eczema was childhood eczema. The risk for hand eczema in nickel-positive women may previously have been overestimated.
在基于人群的自我报告镍过敏研究中，据报道镍过敏个体的手部湿疹患病率为30% - 43%。在瑞典之前的一项研究中，对958名女学生进行了镍斑贴试验。20年后的问卷调查随访中，未发现镍过敏与手部湿疹之间存在关联。
进一步研究镍过敏与手部湿疹之间的关系。
对仍居住在同一地理区域、年龄在30 - 40岁之间的369名女性进行斑贴试验，并对手部湿疹进行临床调查。
斑贴试验显示30.1%的个体镍阳性。15岁后手部湿疹相对于镍斑贴试验结果的调整患病率比例比（PPR）为1.03（95%置信区间，CI 0.71 - 1.50）。35.9%的人报告有儿童期湿疹病史，手部湿疹相对于儿童期湿疹的PPR为3.68（95% CI 2.45 - 5.54）。在有和没有儿童期湿疹病史的女性中分别分析这种关系时，发现了统计学上的交互作用。在没有儿童期湿疹病史的镍阳性女性中，手部湿疹风险增加一倍，15岁后手部湿疹的PPR为2.23（95% CI 1.10 - 4.49）。
在没有儿童期湿疹病史的镍阳性女性中，手部湿疹风险增加一倍。在分析所有参与者时，镍阳性和镍阴性女性在手部湿疹发生方面没有统计学上的显著差异。手部湿疹最重要的风险因素是儿童期湿疹。之前可能高估了镍阳性女性手部湿疹的风险。
