Carvalho Ana, Lima-Brito José, Maçãs Benvindo, Guedes-Pinto Henrique
Institute of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre of Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Portugal.
Biochem Genet. 2009 Apr;47(3-4):276-94. doi: 10.1007/s10528-009-9227-5. Epub 2009 Jan 31.
Inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSRs) were used for genetic diversity analyses of an Old Portuguese wheat collection. Eighteen primers produced 96.3 and 98.5% of ISSR polymorphism in bread and durum wheat cultivars, respectively. The unweighted pair group method with arithmetical averages (UPGMA) phenogram clearly split all cultivars based on their species/ploidy, reflecting a defined genetic structure. ISSRs revealed high genetic diversity at interspecific, intraspecific, and intercultivar levels. Thirty-three exclusive ISSR markers were found. Cultivars were clustered according to their botanical varieties and, in a few cases, with their homonym(s). No statistically significant differences were found between genetic diversity parameters of durum and bread wheat, probably due to high intraspecific diversity. Similar analyses were performed among botanical varieties, and their relationships were defined. Cladograms resembled UPGMA clustering. This highly genetically diverse Old wheat collection will be conserved and maintained, and it could be further used in breeding programs to widen the narrow genetic basis of modern wheat varieties and to avoid the loss of rare and unique alleles.
简单序列重复区间（ISSR）被用于对一批古老的葡萄牙小麦品种进行遗传多样性分析。18对引物分别在面包小麦和硬粒小麦品种中产生了96.3%和98.5%的ISSR多态性。算术平均数的非加权配对组方法（UPGMA）系统树图根据品种的物种/倍性清楚地将所有品种分开，反映出一种明确的遗传结构。ISSR在种间、种内和品种间水平上揭示了高度的遗传多样性。发现了33个独特的ISSR标记。品种根据其植物变种进行聚类，在少数情况下，与其同名品种聚类。硬粒小麦和面包小麦的遗传多样性参数之间未发现统计学上的显著差异，这可能是由于种内多样性较高。在植物变种之间进行了类似的分析，并确定了它们之间的关系。分支图类似于UPGMA聚类。这个遗传多样性高的古老小麦品种集将得到保存和维护，并可进一步用于育种计划，以拓宽现代小麦品种狭窄的遗传基础，并避免稀有和独特等位基因的丢失。
