Vervoort T, Goubert L, Crombez G
Department of Experimental-Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University, Henri Dunantlaan 2, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
Pain. 2009 Mar;142(1-2):142-8. doi: 10.1016/j.pain.2008.12.028. Epub 2009 Jan 30.
The present study investigated the effect of the child's pain catastrophizing and self-reported pain upon the child's facial expression of pain and parental inferences of their child's pain. School children (n=62) experienced pain by taking part in a cold water procedure. Analyses revealed that more intense pain was associated with higher levels of facial pain expression in children who reported a low frequency of catastrophizing. In children with high pain catastrophizing, this relationship was not significant. A similar pattern was obtained for the pain inferences by the parent: pain intensity as reported by the child was positively related to pain inferences by the parent in children who reported a low frequency of catastrophizing, but such relationship was not significant for children with high catastrophizers. Further analyses revealed that when pain intensity was low, parents of high catastrophizing children judged the pain of their child to be higher than parents of low catastrophizing children. The implications of the findings are discussed in terms of the importance of assessing different dimensions of pain encoded in expression, different types of pain expression, and its differential effects upon others.
本研究调查了儿童的疼痛灾难化思维和自我报告的疼痛对儿童疼痛面部表情以及父母对其孩子疼痛的推断的影响。学童（n = 62）通过参与冷水程序体验疼痛。分析表明，对于灾难化思维频率较低的儿童，更强烈的疼痛与更高水平的面部疼痛表情相关。在疼痛灾难化思维程度高的儿童中，这种关系并不显著。父母对疼痛的推断也呈现出类似模式：在灾难化思维频率较低的儿童中，孩子报告的疼痛强度与父母对疼痛的推断呈正相关，但对于灾难化思维程度高的儿童，这种关系并不显著。进一步分析表明，当疼痛强度较低时，灾难化思维程度高的儿童的父母比灾难化思维程度低的儿童的父母认为自己孩子的疼痛程度更高。研究结果的意义将从评估表情中编码的疼痛不同维度、不同类型的疼痛表情及其对他人的不同影响的重要性方面进行讨论。
