Akbarzadeh Ghazale, Daniali Hojjat, Javdzadh Mohsen, Caes Line, Ranjbar Seyran, Habibi Mojtaba
Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Pediatric Neurology, Research Center, Research Institute for Children Health, Shahid Beheshti, University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Iran J Child Neurol. 2018 Winter;12(1):55-66.
Parental pain catastrophizing is a construct recognized to have a significant impact on experience of pain in both children and parents. This research aimed to investigate the probable relationship of parental pain catastrophizing with the parent's reports of children's anxiety, depression and headache severity amongst Iranian parents of children with chronic or recurrent headache.
MATERIALS & METHODS: This study was conducted in 2015-16, in two pediatric neurological centers located in Tehran, Iran; with a convenience sampling method and 212 parents (120 mothers and 92 fathers) of 132 children with a chronic or recurrent headache (migraine and tension-type). They completed the Pain Catastrophizing Scale; Numeric Pain Rating Scale, asking for the average of pain severity in last three months before the research, and the Anxiety and Depression subscales of the Children Behavioral Check List.
The mean age of parents was 35.41 yr (SD=5.58) and the mean age of children was 9.83 yr (SD=2.77). A total of 72 girls and 60 boys participated in this study with a mean pain severity for headache in last three months before the research of 4.99 (SD=2.63). Probable sex differences according to parental pain catastrophizing, pain severity, anxiety, and depression were assessed amongst parents. In the next step, the predictability of pain severity from parental pain catastrophizing was evaluated. Results indicated a significant relationship in maternal pain catastrophizing and estimates of pain intensity by mothers.
These findings represent the importance of parent's especially mother's cognitive factors affecting their reports of their children's pain and related emotional disturbances.
父母疼痛灾难化是一个已被确认的对儿童和父母的疼痛体验均有重大影响的概念。本研究旨在调查伊朗慢性或复发性头痛患儿的父母的疼痛灾难化与父母报告的孩子焦虑、抑郁及头痛严重程度之间可能存在的关系。
本研究于2015 - 2016年在伊朗德黑兰的两个儿科神经中心进行；采用便利抽样法，选取了132名患有慢性或复发性头痛（偏头痛和紧张型头痛）儿童的212名家长（120名母亲和92名父亲）。他们完成了疼痛灾难化量表、数字疼痛评分量表（询问研究前最后三个月的疼痛严重程度平均值）以及儿童行为检查表中的焦虑和抑郁分量表。
父母的平均年龄为35.41岁（标准差 = 5.58）。孩子的平均年龄为9.83岁（标准差 = 2.77）。共有72名女孩和60名男孩参与本研究，研究前最后三个月头痛的平均疼痛严重程度为4.99（标准差 = 2.63）。评估了父母中因父母疼痛灾难化、疼痛严重程度、焦虑和抑郁可能存在的性别差异。下一步，评估了父母疼痛灾难化对疼痛严重程度的预测能力。结果表明母亲的疼痛灾难化与母亲对疼痛强度的评估之间存在显著关系。
这些发现表明父母尤其是母亲的认知因素对其报告孩子的疼痛及相关情绪障碍具有重要影响。
