Chang A M, Gaskill D
Department of Nursing Studies, Queensland Institute of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.
J Adv Nurs. 1991 Jul;16(7):813-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.1991.tb01761.x.
A problem-solving approach to nursing practice has been advocated in the nursing literature for some time. However, the extent to which nurses perceive themselves as capable problem solvers or improve their problem-solving ability during their nursing education is not generally known. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between nurses' perceptions of their problem-solving ability and their course of study. The Problem-Solving Inventory (PSI) was developed by Heppner and colleagues (1982) to assess attitudes towards and perceptions of problem-solving behaviour. The instrument provides a global appraisal of oneself as a problem solver and assesses perceptions of problem-solving ability. In this study, data were collected from 67 pre and post-registration nursing students in two phases; during their course and on completion of their course. Data from each phase were compared to identify changes in perception of problem-solving behaviour over time. While there was no overall improvement in perceptions of problem-solving ability by phase 2, confidence in problem solving had improved significantly (P less than 0.01). There were improvements according to age, experience, and course being undertaken for the likelihood of approaching rather than avoiding problems, and having personal control over problem solving.
一段时间以来，护理文献中一直提倡采用解决问题的方法来进行护理实践。然而，护士在多大程度上认为自己是有能力的问题解决者，或者在护理教育过程中提高了自己的问题解决能力，这一点通常并不为人所知。本研究的目的是确定护士对自己问题解决能力的认知与其学习课程之间的关系。问题解决量表（PSI）由赫普纳及其同事（1982年）编制，用于评估对问题解决行为的态度和认知。该工具对自己作为问题解决者进行全面评估，并评估对问题解决能力的认知。在本研究中，分两个阶段从67名注册前和注册后的护理学生那里收集数据，即在他们课程期间和课程结束时。比较每个阶段的数据，以确定随着时间推移问题解决行为认知的变化。虽然到第二阶段时，对问题解决能力的认知总体上没有提高，但解决问题的信心有了显著提高（P小于0.01）。在面对问题而不是回避问题的可能性以及对解决问题有个人掌控力方面，根据年龄、经验和所学课程有了改善。
