2000年至2006年间发表在高影响力护理期刊上的研究证据：一项定量内容分析。
The research evidence published in high impact nursing journals between 2000 and 2006: a quantitative content analysis.
作者信息
Mantzoukas Stefanos
机构信息
Department of Nursing, Highest Technological Educational Institute of Epirus, Archimandriou 60, 45333 Ioannina, Greece.
出版信息
Int J Nurs Stud. 2009 Apr;46(4):479-89. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2008.12.016. Epub 2009 Feb 1.
BACKGROUND
Evidence-based practice has become an imperative for efficient, effective and safe practice. Furthermore, evidences emerging from published research are considered as valid knowledge sources to guiding practice.
OBJECTIVES
The aim of this paper is to review all research articles published in the top 10 general nursing journals for the years 2000-2006 to identify the methodologies used, the types of evidence these studies produced and the issues upon which they endeavored.
DESIGN
Quantitative content analysis was implemented to study all published research papers of the top 10 general nursing journals for the years 2000-2006.
METHODS
The top 10 general nursing journals were included in the study. The abstracts of all research articles were analysed with regards the methodologies of enquiry, the types of evidence produced and the issues of study they endeavored upon. Percentages were developed as to enable conclusions to be drawn.
RESULTS
The results for the category methodologies used were 7% experimental, 6% quasi-experimental, 39% non-experimental, 2% ethnographical studies, 7% phenomenological, 4% grounded theory, 1% action research, 1% case study, 15% unspecified, 5.5% other, 0.5% meta-synthesis, 2% meta-analysis, 5% literature reviews and 3% secondary analysis. For the category types of evidence were 4% hypothesis/theory testing, 11% evaluative, 5% comparative, 2% correlational, 46% descriptive, 5% interpretative and 27% exploratory. For the category issues of study were 45% practice/clinical, 8% educational, 11% professional, 3% spiritual/ethical/metaphysical, 26% health promotion and 7% managerial/policy.
CONCLUSIONS
Published studies can provide adequate evidences for practice if nursing journals conceptualise evidence emerging from non-experimental and qualitative studies as relevant types of evidences for practice and develop appropriate mechanisms for assessing their validity. Also, nursing journals need to increase and encourage the publication of studies that implement RCT methodology, systematic reviews, meta-synthesis and meta-analysis methodologies. Finally, nursing journals need to encourage more high quality research evidence that derive from interpretative, theory testing and evaluative types of studies that are practice relevant.
背景
循证实践已成为高效、有效及安全实践的必要条件。此外，已发表研究中出现的证据被视为指导实践的有效知识来源。
目的
本文旨在回顾2000 - 2006年排名前十的综合护理期刊上发表的所有研究文章，以确定所使用的方法、这些研究所产生的证据类型以及它们所探讨的问题。
设计
采用定量内容分析法研究2000 - 2006年排名前十的综合护理期刊上发表的所有研究论文。
方法
该研究纳入了排名前十的综合护理期刊。对所有研究文章的摘要进行分析，涉及研究方法、所产生的证据类型以及它们所探讨的研究问题。计算百分比以便得出结论。
结果
所使用方法类别的结果为：7%为实验性研究，6%为准实验性研究，39%为非实验性研究，2%为民族志研究，7%为现象学研究，4%为扎根理论研究，1%为行动研究，1%为案例研究，15%未明确说明，5.5%为其他类型，0.5%为元综合分析，2%为元分析，5%为文献综述，3%为二次分析。证据类型类别的结果为：4%为假设/理论检验，11%为评价性研究，5%为比较性研究, 2%为相关性研究，46%为描述性研究，5%为解释性研究，27%为探索性研究。研究问题类别的结果为：45%为实践/临床问题，8%为教育问题，11%为专业问题，3%为精神/伦理/形而上学问题，26%为健康促进问题，7%为管理/政策问题。
结论
如果护理期刊将非实验性和定性研究中出现的证据视为与实践相关的证据类型，并建立评估其有效性的适当机制，那么已发表的研究可为实践提供充分的证据。此外,护理期刊需要增加并鼓励发表采用随机对照试验方法、系统评价、元综合分析和元分析方法的研究。最后，护理期刊需要鼓励更多来自与实践相关的解释性、理论检验和评价性研究的高质量研究证据。
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