College of Nursing, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, 07102, United States.
Int J Nurs Stud. 2012 Sep;49(9):1112-21. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2012.03.004. Epub 2012 Apr 6.
Numerous analyses of research published in scientific nursing journals have been examined over the past decades. However, a comprehensive analysis of trends in research has not been reported since 1980.
The aim of this analysis was to review randomly selected research articles published in four scientific nursing journals for the years 1985, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, and 2010 to identify changes in selected aspects of research and to compare the findings with those from an earlier similar study.
This descriptive study used percentages to present trends in published studies in four scientific nursing journals for twenty-five years.
A total of 976 studies were identified; 50% were randomly selected for each year analyzed. The foci of the research problem, care orientation, conceptual bases, research designs, data analysis procedures, discussion of findings, and recommendations and implications were analyzed.
Most studies from 1985 (66%) through 2010 (73%) focused on nursing practice issues; in 2010 they focused on primary health (46%) and chronicity (41%). A decrease in theory-testing research from 1985 (32%) to 2010 (21%), and in theory-based studies from 1985 (31%) to 2010 (22%) was noted. Qualitative studies increased from 1985 (3%) to 2010 (21%). Psychological variables and adult populations continue to be studied mainly over 25 years. For quantitative studies, there were increases in correlational designs from 1985 (35%) to 2010 (38%), experimental designs from 1985 (16%) to 2010 (18%), and methodological studies from 1985 (5%) to 2010 (24%). There were decreases in descriptive studies from 1985 (20%) to 2010 (5%), and comparative studies from 1985 (19%) to 2010 (10%). The use of multivariate statistics increased over time. In 1985, 61% of researchers did not link their findings to theory guiding the study; 52% did not in 2010. For qualitative research, approximately 50% fell in the "other category" over the 25 years; in 2010, grounded theory (15%), phenomenological (15%) and ethnographic (20%) designs were used.
Trends indicated that the building of science has been slow, incremental, and subtle, as found in the earlier study. Trends suggest a growing maturity in the research designs.
在过去的几十年里，人们对发表在科学护理期刊上的研究进行了无数次分析。然而，自 1980 年以来，尚未对研究趋势进行全面分析。
本分析旨在回顾 1985 年、1990 年、1995 年、2000 年、2005 年和 2010 年在四种科学护理期刊上发表的随机选择的研究文章，以确定研究中选定方面的变化，并将研究结果与早期类似研究进行比较。
本描述性研究使用百分比来呈现四种科学护理期刊中 25 年来发表研究的趋势。
共确定了 976 项研究；每年分析 50%的随机选择。分析了研究问题的重点、护理方向、概念基础、研究设计、数据分析程序、研究结果讨论、建议和影响。
1985 年（66%）至 2010 年（73%）的大多数研究都侧重于护理实践问题；2010 年，它们主要侧重于初级保健（46%）和慢性病（41%）。注意到 1985 年（32%）到 2010 年（21%）的理论检验研究以及 1985 年（31%）到 2010 年（22%）的基于理论的研究减少。1985 年（3%）至 2010 年（21%）的定性研究有所增加。25 年来，心理学变量和成年人群体一直是主要研究对象。对于定量研究，1985 年（35%）至 2010 年（38%）的相关设计有所增加，1985 年（16%）至 2010 年（18%）的实验设计有所增加，1985 年（5%）至 2010 年（24%）的方法学研究有所增加。1985 年（20%）至 2010 年（5%）的描述性研究和 1985 年（19%）至 2010 年（10%）的比较研究有所减少。随着时间的推移，多元统计的使用有所增加。1985 年，61%的研究人员没有将他们的发现与指导研究的理论联系起来；2010 年为 52%。对于定性研究，25 年来，约有 50%属于“其他类别”；2010 年，使用了扎根理论（15%）、现象学（15%）和民族志（20%）设计。
趋势表明，正如早期研究发现的那样，科学的发展一直缓慢、渐进和微妙。趋势表明，研究设计日趋成熟。
