Shinyashiki Masaru, Eiguren-Fernandez Arantza, Schmitz Debra A, Di Stefano Emma, Li Ning, Linak William P, Cho Seung-Hyun, Froines John R, Cho Arthur K
Center for Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Environ Res. 2009 Apr;109(3):239-44. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2008.12.008. Epub 2009 Feb 6.
The adverse health effects of air pollutants have been associated with their redox and electrophilic properties. Although the specific chemical species involved in these effects are not known, the characterization of their general physical and chemical properties is important to our understanding of the mechanisms by which they cause health problems. This manuscript describes results of a study examining the partition properties of these activities in aqueous and organic media. The water and dichloromethane (DCM) solubility of redox active and electrophilic constituents of seven diesel exhaust particle (DEP) samples were determined with assays developed earlier in this laboratory. The constituents exhibiting redox activity, which included both metals and nonmetal species, were associated with the particles in the aqueous suspensions. Portions of the redox active compounds were also DCM-soluble. In contrast, the electrophilic constituents included both water-soluble and DCM-soluble species. The role of quinones or quinone-like compounds in redox and electrophilic activities of the DCM-soluble constituents was assessed by reductive acetylation, a procedure that inactivates quinones. The results from this experiment indicated that most of the activities in the organic extract were associated with quinone-like substances. The partition properties of the reactive species are important in exposure assessment since the toxicokinetics of particles and solutes are quite distinct.
空气污染物对健康的不利影响与其氧化还原和亲电特性有关。尽管尚不清楚这些影响所涉及的具体化学物质，但了解它们的一般物理和化学性质对于我们理解其导致健康问题的机制很重要。本手稿描述了一项研究的结果，该研究考察了这些活性物质在水相和有机介质中的分配特性。利用本实验室先前开发的分析方法，测定了七个柴油尾气颗粒（DEP）样品中氧化还原活性和亲电成分的水和二氯甲烷（DCM）溶解度。表现出氧化还原活性的成分，包括金属和非金属物种，与水悬浮液中的颗粒相关联。部分氧化还原活性化合物也可溶于DCM。相比之下，亲电成分包括水溶性和DCM可溶性物种。通过还原乙酰化评估醌或醌类化合物在DCM可溶性成分的氧化还原和亲电活性中的作用，还原乙酰化是一种使醌失活的方法。该实验结果表明，有机提取物中的大部分活性与醌类物质有关。反应性物种的分配特性在暴露评估中很重要，因为颗粒和溶质的毒代动力学截然不同。
