Elger Bernice S
University of Geneva, Medical Faculty, CMU, rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland.
Int J Law Psychiatry. 2009 Mar-Apr;32(2):74-83. doi: 10.1016/j.ijlp.2009.01.001. Epub 2009 Feb 7.
To compare how prisoners complaining of insomnia and prisoners without sleep problems describe their daily activities, stress factors and the perceived reasons for their sleep quality in prison.
102 randomly chosen remanded prisoners complaining of insomnia and 61 randomly chosen prisoners who did not complain of insomnia.
Prisoners complaining of insomnia and those reporting good sleep differed significantly in their lifestyle in prison. A significantly higher percentage of the former than of the latter reported writing letters, diaries or a book in prison, as well as doing "arts-related" activities such as painting and listening to music. A significantly higher percentage of non insomniac prisoners than of prisoners complaining of insomnia practiced sports in prison, watched television, and spent their day discussing and meeting other detainees. PSQI and GHQ scores were significantly different between insomniac and non insomniac prisoners. Insomniac prisoners complained significantly more often than non-insomniac prisoners about sleep disturbances, in the first place by roommates, but also by guards. Activities in prison and stressful events were significant factors associated with the variable "insomnia versus no insomnia" Worries about medical problems (odds ratio: 12.9), being separated or divorced (odds ratio: 8.8), having experienced stressful events during the past week (odds ratio: 8.7), "art" activity (odds ratio: 8.6), and having a GHQ score>10 (odds ratio: 7.7) had the highest odds ratios among the tested covariates. No sports in prison and some activities were also predictors of insomnia when entered separately or conditionally.
Our study provides arguments on how to alleviate insomnia in prison: changing conditions of imprisonment is of public health benefit. Increased opportunities to practice sports in prison as well as adequate care for medical problems and psychological support to reduce context related stress should be routinely offered to insomniac prisoners.
比较主诉失眠的囚犯与无睡眠问题的囚犯如何描述他们在监狱中的日常活动、压力因素以及对睡眠质量的感知原因。
随机选取102名主诉失眠的还押候审囚犯和61名未主诉失眠的随机选取的囚犯。
主诉失眠的囚犯与报告睡眠良好的囚犯在监狱生活方式上有显著差异。前者报告在监狱中写信、写日记或写书以及进行绘画和听音乐等“与艺术相关”活动的比例明显高于后者。在监狱中进行体育锻炼、看电视以及整天与其他被拘留者讨论和会面的非失眠囚犯的比例明显高于主诉失眠的囚犯。失眠囚犯和非失眠囚犯的PSQI和GHQ得分存在显著差异。失眠囚犯比非失眠囚犯更频繁地抱怨睡眠干扰，首先是来自室友，但也来自狱警。监狱中的活动和压力事件是与“失眠与无失眠”变量相关的重要因素。对医疗问题的担忧（优势比：12.9）、分居或离婚（优势比：8.8）、在过去一周经历压力事件（优势比：8.7）、“艺术”活动（优势比：8.6）以及GHQ得分>10（优势比：7.7）在测试的协变量中具有最高的优势比。单独或有条件地纳入时，在监狱中不进行体育锻炼和一些活动也是失眠的预测因素。
我们的研究为如何缓解监狱中的失眠提供了依据：改变监禁条件对公共卫生有益。应定期为失眠囚犯提供更多在监狱中进行体育锻炼的机会，以及对医疗问题的充分护理和心理支持，以减轻与环境相关的压力。
