Division of Glial Disease and Therapeutics, Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA,
Purinergic Signal. 2009 Jun;5(2):223-32. doi: 10.1007/s11302-009-9138-2. Epub 2009 Feb 11.
ATP-mediated signaling has widespread actions in the nervous system from neurotransmission to regulation of proliferation. In addition, ATP is released during injury and associated to immune and inflammatory responses. Still, the potential of therapeutic intervention of purinergic signaling during pathological states is only now beginning to be explored because of the large number of purinergic receptors subtypes involved, the complex and often overlapping pharmacology and because ATP has effects on every major cell type present in the CNS. In this review, we will focus on a subclass of purinergic-ligand-gated ion channels, the P2X7 receptor, its pattern of expression and its function in the spinal cord where it is abundantly expressed. We will discuss the mechanisms for P2X7R actions and the potential that manipulating the P2X7R signaling pathway may have for therapeutic intervention in pathological events, specifically in the spinal cord.
三磷酸腺苷（ATP）介导的信号转导在神经系统中具有广泛的作用，从神经传递到增殖的调节。此外，在损伤时会释放 ATP，并与免疫和炎症反应相关。尽管如此，由于涉及的嘌呤能受体亚型数量众多，药理学复杂且常常重叠，并且由于 ATP 对中枢神经系统中存在的每种主要细胞类型都有影响，因此在病理状态下对嘌呤能信号转导进行治疗干预的潜力直到现在才开始被探索。在这篇综述中，我们将重点介绍嘌呤能配体门控离子通道的一个亚类，即 P2X7 受体，及其在脊髓中的表达模式和功能，脊髓中大量表达该受体。我们将讨论 P2X7R 作用的机制，以及操纵 P2X7R 信号通路在病理事件（特别是脊髓）的治疗干预中的潜在应用。
