Gomez S Karen, Harrison Maria J
Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, Cornell University, Tower Road, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA.
Pest Manag Sci. 2009 May;65(5):504-11. doi: 10.1002/ps.1715.
Phosphorus is essential for plant growth, and in many soils phosphorus availability limits crop production. Most plants in natural ecosystems obtain phosphorus via a symbiotic partnership with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. While the significance of these associations is apparent, their molecular basis is poorly understood. Consequently, the potential to harness the mycorrhizal symbiosis to improve phosphorus nutrition in agriculture is not realized. Transcript profiling has recently been used to investigate gene expression changes that accompany development of the AM symbiosis. While these approaches have enabled the identification of AM-symbiosis-associated genes, they have generally involved the use of RNA from whole mycorrhizal roots. Laser microdissection techniques allow the dissection and capture of individual cells from a tissue. RNA can then be isolated from these samples and cell-type specific gene expression information can be obtained. This technology has been applied to obtain cells from plants and more recently to study plant-microbe interactions. The latter techniques, particularly those developed for root-microbe interactions, are of relevance to plant-parasitic weed research. Here, laser microdissection, its use in plant biology and in particular plant-microbe interactions are discussed. An overview of the AM symbiosis is then provided, with a focus on recent advances in understanding development of the arbuscule-cortical cell interface. Finally, the recent applications of laser microdissection for analyses of AM symbiosis are discussed.
磷对植物生长至关重要，在许多土壤中，磷的有效性限制了作物产量。自然生态系统中的大多数植物通过与丛枝菌根（AM）真菌的共生关系获取磷。虽然这些共生关系的重要性显而易见，但其分子基础却知之甚少。因此，利用菌根共生来改善农业中磷营养的潜力尚未实现。转录谱分析最近已被用于研究伴随AM共生发育的基因表达变化。虽然这些方法能够鉴定与AM共生相关的基因，但它们通常涉及使用来自整个菌根根的RNA。激光显微切割技术允许从组织中分离和捕获单个细胞。然后可以从这些样品中分离RNA，并获得细胞类型特异性基因表达信息。该技术已被应用于从植物中获取细胞，最近还用于研究植物与微生物的相互作用。后一种技术，特别是那些为根与微生物相互作用而开发的技术，与植物寄生杂草研究相关。在这里，将讨论激光显微切割技术及其在植物生物学，特别是植物与微生物相互作用中的应用。然后概述AM共生，重点是在理解丛枝 - 皮层细胞界面发育方面的最新进展。最后，讨论激光显微切割技术在分析AM共生中的最新应用。
