Rizzetto Mario
Department of Gastroenterology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
Liver Int. 2009 Jan;29 Suppl 1:140-2. doi: 10.1111/j.1478-3231.2008.01937.x.
Hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection has considerably diminished in Europe since the 1970-1980s. The prevalence rates of chronic hepatitis D in HBsAg carriers in Italy have declined from 25% at the beginning of the 1980s to 8% in the 1990s. Similar declines in prevalence have been reported in Spain, Taiwan and Turkey. Better public health standards, HBV vaccination and the effect of measures to control the spread of human immunodeficiency virus have brought about a decline in the numbers of HBsAg carriers and therefore a decline in the HBV-dependent HDV. However, HDV has not declined further in Europe in the last decade, as the pool of fresh infections in migrants from HDV-endemic areas is counterbalancing the shrinking cohort of long-standing domestic infections acquired in the epidemic of the 1970-1980s. Hepatitis D remains an important health problem outside Europe, and new foci of infection continue to be identified in developing countries.
自20世纪70至80年代以来，丁型肝炎病毒（HDV）感染在欧洲已大幅减少。意大利乙肝表面抗原（HBsAg）携带者中慢性丁型肝炎的患病率已从20世纪80年代初的25%降至90年代的8%。西班牙、台湾和土耳其也报告了类似的患病率下降情况。更好的公共卫生标准、乙肝疫苗接种以及控制人类免疫缺陷病毒传播措施的效果，使得HBsAg携带者数量减少，因此依赖乙肝病毒的丁型肝炎病毒也随之减少。然而，在过去十年中，HDV在欧洲并未进一步下降，因为来自HDV流行地区的移民中的新感染人群，抵消了20世纪70至80年代疫情期间国内长期感染人数的减少。丁型肝炎在欧洲以外地区仍然是一个重要的健康问题，并且在发展中国家不断发现新的感染源。
