Division of Gastroenterology, University of Torino, Turin, Italy.
Semin Liver Dis. 2012 Aug;32(3):211-9. doi: 10.1055/s-0032-1323626. Epub 2012 Aug 29.
Hepatitis D occurs worldwide. The major victims of the hepatitis D virus (HDV) are individuals carrying the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg); around 5% of the HBsAg carriers in the world are infected also by HDV. With the implementation of a hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination since the 1990s, the incidence of hepatitis D has consistently declined in the developed world, particularly in Southern Europe; however, immigrants from areas where HDV remains endemic are reintroducing the infection.Hepatitis D continues to ravage populations of developing and poor countries where HBV remains unchecked; action is needed to enforce HBV vaccination as effective prophylaxis not only against HBV, but against HDV as well.
肝炎 D 发生在全球范围内。乙型肝炎表面抗原（HBsAg）携带者是肝炎 D 病毒（HDV）的主要受害者；全球约有 5%的 HBsAg 携带者同时感染了 HDV。自 20 世纪 90 年代以来，乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）疫苗的实施，使发达国家，特别是南欧，的肝炎 D 发病率持续下降；然而，来自 HDV 仍流行地区的移民正在重新引入这种感染。肝炎 D 继续肆虐发展中国家和贫困国家，这些国家的 HBV 仍未得到控制；需要采取行动，实施 HBV 疫苗接种，作为有效的预防措施，不仅针对 HBV，也针对 HDV。
