Sánchez-Morago Santiago García-Velasco, Villafranca Casanoves Almudena, Cantero Almena José María
Servicio de Medicina Intensiva, Hospital General de Ciudad Real.
Rev Enferm. 2008 Dec;31(12):34-8.
The use of sedatives is relatively frequent in hospital care. However the evaluation of the effects of sedatives continues to be carried out in a non-standardized manner. There are two forms to do so, either by use of subjective evaluation scales like Ramsay or RASS, among others, or by means of an objective evaluation instrument, the bispectral index or BIS, produced by Aspect. BIS monitoring permits medical personnel to measure objectively the degree of anesthesia. This technology make it possible to administer an adequate anesthesia to patients and thus prevent unnecessary overdoses, since the evaluation scales are ineffective on patients treated with muscle relaxants. BIS is especially recommended for patients who have undergone neurological surgery since it is essential to maintain a high degree of comfort plus an adequate sedation in order to practice an adequate clinical evaluation, avoiding an inappropriate sedation which could hide signs and symptoms.
镇静剂在医院护理中的使用较为频繁。然而，对镇静剂效果的评估仍以非标准化方式进行。评估方式有两种，一种是使用主观评估量表，如拉姆齐量表或里士满镇静躁动评分量表等，另一种是借助客观评估工具，即Aspect公司生产的脑电双频指数（BIS）。BIS监测使医务人员能够客观地测量麻醉深度。这项技术能够为患者实施适当的麻醉，从而避免不必要的用药过量，因为评估量表对使用肌肉松弛剂治疗的患者无效。对于接受神经外科手术的患者，尤其推荐使用BIS，因为为了进行充分的临床评估，保持高度的舒适度和适当的镇静程度至关重要，同时要避免不适当的镇静，以免掩盖体征和症状。
