Hawkins Michelle G, Ruby Annette L, Drazenovich Tracy L, Westropp Jodi L
Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2009 Jan 15;234(2):214-20. doi: 10.2460/javma.234.2.214.
To determine the mineral composition of calculi, anatomic locations of the calculi, and findings of urinalysis and bacteriologic culture of urine and calculi in guinea pigs with urolithiasis.
Cross-sectional study.
127 guinea pigs.
Records of urinary calculi that had been submitted to the University of California Stone Laboratory from 1985 through 2003 were reviewed. In addition, submissions of urinary calculi for evaluation by the laboratory were prospectively solicited from 2004 through 2007. Prospectively obtained calculi were accompanied by a urine sample for urinalysis and bacteriologic culture and a completed questionnaire. All calculi were analyzed by use of polarized light microscopy and infrared spectroscopy. A subset of calculi was examined by means of x-ray diffractometry (XRD).
83% (43/52) of calculi from the laboratory database and 93% (70/75) of calculi that were prospectively solicited were composed of 100% calcium carbonate. Analysis via XRD confirmed that 5 of 6 calculi from a subset that had the greatest gross morphologic variation were composed of 100% calcite. Although many guinea pigs had received anti-microbials before bacteriologic cultures of urine were performed, Corynebacterium renale was isolated from 5 urine samples.
Contrary to findings of other studies, urinary calculi analyzed for the present study were most commonly composed of 100% calcium carbonate, and infrared spectroscopy or XRD was necessary to differentiate this mineral from others. Treatments, including diet and husbandry practices, should be developed to help prevent development of calcium carbonate calculi in guinea pigs.
确定患有尿石症的豚鼠结石的矿物质成分、结石的解剖位置以及尿液和结石的尿液分析及细菌学培养结果。
横断面研究。
127只豚鼠。
回顾了1985年至2003年提交至加利福尼亚大学结石实验室的尿结石记录。此外，前瞻性地征集了2004年至2007年提交给该实验室进行评估的尿结石。前瞻性获得的结石均伴有一份用于尿液分析和细菌学培养的尿液样本以及一份完整的调查问卷。所有结石均通过偏光显微镜和红外光谱进行分析。一部分结石通过X射线衍射法（XRD）进行检查。
实验室数据库中的结石有83%（43/52）以及前瞻性征集的结石有93%（70/75）由100%的碳酸钙组成。通过XRD分析证实，形态学差异最大的一组中的6颗结石中有5颗由100%的方解石组成。尽管许多豚鼠在进行尿液细菌学培养之前已接受过抗菌药物治疗，但仍从5份尿液样本中分离出了肾棒状杆菌。
与其他研究结果相反，本研究分析的尿结石最常见的成分是100%的碳酸钙，并且需要红外光谱或XRD来将这种矿物质与其他矿物质区分开来。应制定包括饮食和饲养管理措施在内的治疗方法，以帮助预防豚鼠碳酸钙结石的形成。
