Li J, Sun B, Huang Y, Lin X, Zhao D, Tan G, Wu J, Zhao H, Cao L, Zhong N
State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical College, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Allergy. 2009 Jul;64(7):1083-92. doi: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2009.01967.x. Epub 2009 Feb 11.
The prevalence of sensitization in patients with asthma and rhinitis in mainland China remains unclear.
Our aim was to estimate the prevalence of allergy in patients with respiratory allergic diseases such as asthma and/or rhinitis attending respiratory clinics within mainland China. The study also investigated regional and annual differences in the prevalence and pattern of sensitization among the patients in China.
A cross-sectional survey was performed in 6304 patients suffering from asthma and/or rhinitis in 17 cities from 4 regions of China. Patients completed a standardized questionnaire asking for the presence of respiratory and allergic symptoms. They also underwent skin prick tests with 13 common aeroallergens.
Among the 6304 patients, 4545 (72.1%) had at least one positive skin prick reaction. The overall prevalence of positive skin prick responses was 59.0% for Dermatophagoides farinae, 57.6% for Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, 40.7% for Blomia tropicalis, 16.1% for American cockroach, 14.0% for dog, 11.5% for Blatella germanica, 11.3% for Artemisia vulgaris, 10.3% for cat, 6.5% for Ambrosia artemisifolia, 6.3% for mixed mould I, 4.4% for mixed mould IV, 3.5% for mixed grass pollen and 2.2% for mixed tree pollen. Sensitizations to common allergens varied widely between geographical areas and demonstrated unique pattern in patients by stratification with age groups, with asthma and/or rhinitis. Severity of rhinitis and asthma was significantly correlated with skin index of reactivity to Artemisia vulgaris, Ambrosia artemisifolia and to D. pteronyssinus, D. farinae and Blomia tropicalis respectively (P < 0.001). Positive reactivity to the tested allergens and concomitant reactivity to multiple allergens including to house dust mites and Blomia tropicalis was markedly increased in patients with both asthma and rhinitis.
House dust mites were the most prevalent allergens in patients with asthma and/or rhinitis in China. There were significant differences in patterns of sensitizations in patients from different geographical areas, age groups as well as asthma and/or rhinitis.
中国大陆哮喘和鼻炎患者的致敏率仍不清楚。
我们的目的是估计中国大陆呼吸科门诊中患有哮喘和/或鼻炎等呼吸道过敏性疾病患者的过敏患病率。该研究还调查了中国患者中致敏率和致敏模式的地区及年度差异。
对来自中国4个地区17个城市的6304例哮喘和/或鼻炎患者进行了横断面调查。患者完成了一份标准化问卷，询问呼吸道和过敏症状的情况。他们还接受了13种常见气传变应原的皮肤点刺试验。
在6304例患者中，4545例（72.1%）至少有一项皮肤点刺反应呈阳性。粉尘螨皮肤点刺反应阳性的总体患病率为59.0%，屋尘螨为57.6%，热带无爪螨为40.7%，美洲大蠊为16.1%，狗为14.0%，德国小蠊为11.5%，黄花蒿为11.3%，猫为10.3%，豚草为6.5%，混合霉菌I为6.3%，混合霉菌IV为4.4%，混合草花粉为3.5%，混合树花粉为2.2%。对常见变应原的致敏情况在不同地理区域之间差异很大，并且按年龄组、哮喘和/或鼻炎分层后，患者呈现出独特的模式。鼻炎和哮喘的严重程度分别与对黄花蒿、豚草以及屋尘螨、粉尘螨和热带无爪螨的皮肤反应性指数显著相关（P < 0.001）。哮喘和鼻炎患者对测试变应原的阳性反应性以及对包括屋尘螨和热带无爪螨在内的多种变应原的伴随反应性明显增加。
屋尘螨是中国哮喘和/或鼻炎患者中最常见的变应原。来自不同地理区域、年龄组以及哮喘和/或鼻炎患者的致敏模式存在显著差异。
