Uematsu A, Yamanaka K, Sasaki R
Nagoya City Nakamura Health Center, Japan.
Kekkaku. 1991 Aug;66(8):517-23.
The incidence and prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis has declined steadily in Japan, but the trends differ greatly by area according to epidemiological status. We studied the incidence and trends of pulmonary tuberculosis in an urban area (population approx. 150,000) during the period of 1979-1988. The area studied is a part of a large commercial city, characterized as having the most prevalent rate of tuberculosis area in that city. Of 1245 newly registered cases, 80% were over 40 years of age. While the incidence rate decreased to 57% in the last 10 years in this area, compared to 69% decrease for all of Japan, it was still considerably higher than the national average. Especially in the 20-59 age group it continued to be 2 times higher than that of the whole of Japan. Moreover, the positive rate of tubercle bacilli at the time of registration had increased remarkably from 27% in 1979 to 62% in 1988. These results suggest the tuberculosis continues to be a significant problem in this urban area, although the steady decline in the incidence of tuberculosis had led to a lack of awareness of this disease.
在日本，肺结核的发病率和患病率一直在稳步下降，但根据流行病学状况，不同地区的趋势差异很大。我们研究了1979年至1988年期间一个市区（人口约15万）肺结核的发病率和趋势。所研究的地区是一个大型商业城市的一部分，其特点是该城市肺结核患病率最高。在1245例新登记病例中，80%的患者年龄超过40岁。虽然该地区的发病率在过去10年中下降到了57%，而全日本下降了69%，但该地区的发病率仍远高于全国平均水平。特别是在20至59岁年龄组，该地区的发病率仍然是全日本的2倍。此外，登记时结核杆菌的阳性率从1979年的27%显著上升到了1988年的62%。这些结果表明，尽管肺结核发病率的稳步下降导致人们对该疾病的认识不足，但在这个市区，肺结核仍然是一个严重的问题。
