Sundblad B-M, von Scheele I, Palmberg L, Olsson M, Larsson K
Lung and Allergy Research, National Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska institutet, PO Box 287, S-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
Eur Respir J. 2009 Jul;34(1):80-8. doi: 10.1183/09031936.00105308. Epub 2009 Feb 12.
Farmers and smokers are repeatedly exposed to airborne organic material. We hypothesised that farmers and smokers show altered airway responses to inhaled organic, pro-inflammatory agents. A total of 11 farmers, 12 smokers and 12 controls underwent lipopolysaccharide (LPS) bronchial challenge and spent 3 h in a pig barn. Lung function, exhaled nitric oxide and bronchial responsiveness were assessed and nasal lavage fluid and induced sputum were also collected. Symptoms and body temperature were recorded before and after exposures. Following exposure to the pig barn, bronchial responsiveness, exhaled nitric oxide, sputum interleukin (IL)-6, nasal lavage cell count and IL-8 were increased to a greater extent in controls compared to farmers. The sputum IL-6 response was also attenuated in farmers after LPS challenge. The response shown by smokers following exposure to the pig barn was similar to that of controls regarding measurements of exhaled nitric oxide, IL-8 in nasal lavage and IL-6 in sputum, but more similar to farmers concerning bronchial responsiveness and the cell numbers present in nasal lavage. Sputum IL-8 showed a greater increase in smokers than in the other groups following LPS challenge. We conclude that individuals who are repeatedly exposed to organic material develop an adaptation to the effects of acute exposure to inhaled organic material.
农民和吸烟者反复接触空气中的有机物质。我们假设农民和吸烟者对吸入的有机促炎剂表现出气道反应改变。共有11名农民、12名吸烟者和12名对照者接受了脂多糖（LPS）支气管激发试验，并在一个猪舍里待了3小时。评估了肺功能、呼出一氧化氮和支气管反应性，还收集了鼻腔灌洗液和诱导痰。在接触前后记录症状和体温。与农民相比，接触猪舍后，对照者的支气管反应性、呼出一氧化氮、痰白细胞介素（IL）-6、鼻腔灌洗细胞计数和IL-8升高幅度更大。LPS激发试验后，农民的痰IL-6反应也减弱。在呼出一氧化氮、鼻腔灌洗中的IL-8和痰中的IL-6测量方面，吸烟者接触猪舍后的反应与对照者相似，但在支气管反应性和鼻腔灌洗中的细胞数量方面，吸烟者更类似于农民。LPS激发试验后，吸烟者痰IL-8的增加幅度大于其他组。我们得出结论，反复接触有机物质的个体对吸入有机物质急性暴露的影响会产生适应性。
