Michael J W-P, Springorum H, Okrassa M, Eysel P
Klinik und Poliklinik für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie, Universität zu Köln, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 9, Köln, Germany.
Z Rheumatol. 2009 Jun;68(4):340-2. doi: 10.1007/s00393-009-0429-3.
Non-specific foot pain can have a variety of causes. Stress fractures mostly appear in over- or disuse of the lower extremities. Diagnosis can be made, albeit delayed, following an interval of 2-4 weeks using positive X-ray findings which can be supported by further diagnostic steps. In case of doubt, magnetic resonance tomography can provide a diagnosis and help determine therapeutic intervention; in most cases conservative treatment is performed. The majority of stress fractures heal fully within 6-8 weeks under conservative therapy. Additional therapy of fatigue fracture symptoms may be provided by analgesics and physiotherapeutic methods. Risk factors, particularly in young women, need to be detected. Although their efficacy is controversial, shock-absorbing insoles can reduce stress.
非特异性足部疼痛可能有多种原因。应力性骨折大多出现在下肢过度使用或废用的情况下。尽管诊断可能会延迟，但在2至4周的间隔后，通过X线检查发现阳性结果可作出诊断，进一步的诊断步骤可提供支持。如有疑问，磁共振断层扫描可作出诊断并有助于确定治疗干预措施；大多数情况下采用保守治疗。在保守治疗下，大多数应力性骨折在6至8周内可完全愈合。止痛药物和物理治疗方法可用于缓解疲劳性骨折症状。需要检测危险因素，尤其是年轻女性中的危险因素。尽管减震鞋垫的效果存在争议，但它可以减轻压力。
