Cena Hellas, Castellazzi Anna Maria, Pietri Amedeo, Roggi Carla, Turconi Giovanna
Department of Applied Health Sciences, Section of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pavia, Via Bassi 21, I-27100 Pavia, Italy.
Public Health Nutr. 2009 Oct;12(10):1878-84. doi: 10.1017/S1368980009004807. Epub 2009 Feb 16.
The present study aimed to estimate the lutein concentration in human milk during early lactation and its relationship with dietary lutein intake measured through the administration of a short FFQ.
A cross-sectional study in which an FFQ was administered twice: on day 3 (T0) and day 30 (T1) postpartum; meanwhile two breast milk samples were collected. Maternal plasma samples were obtained at T0. The comparison of dietary lutein intakes and likewise lutein concentrations in breast milk at T0 and T1 were analysed with Student's t test. Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to determine the association between dietary lutein intake and lutein concentration in milk and plasma, respectively, as well as the correlation between breast milk and plasma lutein concentrations at T0.
Pavia, northern Italy.
Twenty-one pregnant women, age range 24-42 years, were recruited during their last trimester on a voluntary basis.
Both breast milk and plasma lutein concentrations were significantly correlated with dietary lutein intake (r = 0.86, P = 0.0001 and r = 0.94, P = 0.0001, respectively). There was a clear significant correlation between milk and plasma lutein concentrations (r = 0.87, P = 0.0001). Mature milk lutein concentration, although significantly reduced at T1 (P < 0.01), maintained a fairly high correlation with dietary lutein intake (r = 0.82, P = 0.0001).
Even though milk lutein concentration decreased during early lactation, it remained significantly correlated with daily lutein intake. Therefore, while awaiting further research, dietary recommendations advising intake of fresh fruit and vegetables rich in lutein, throughout the whole duration of pregnancy and lactation, are extremely useful.
本研究旨在评估产后早期母乳中叶黄素的浓度，以及通过简短食物频率问卷（FFQ）测量的膳食叶黄素摄入量与之的关系。
一项横断面研究，其中FFQ在产后第3天（T0）和第30天（T1）进行了两次发放；同时收集了两份母乳样本。在T0时采集了母体血浆样本。采用学生t检验分析T0和T1时膳食叶黄素摄入量以及母乳中叶黄素浓度的比较。分别使用Pearson相关系数来确定膳食叶黄素摄入量与母乳和血浆中叶黄素浓度之间的关联，以及T0时母乳和血浆叶黄素浓度之间的相关性。
意大利北部的帕维亚。
21名年龄在24 - 42岁之间的孕妇在妊娠晚期自愿参与招募。
母乳和血浆中叶黄素浓度均与膳食叶黄素摄入量显著相关（分别为r = 0.86，P = 0.0001和r = 0.94，P = 0.0001）。母乳和血浆叶黄素浓度之间存在明显的显著相关性（r = 0.87，P = 0.0001）。成熟母乳叶黄素浓度虽然在T1时显著降低（P < 0.01），但与膳食叶黄素摄入量仍保持相当高的相关性（r = 0.82，P = 0.0001）。
尽管在产后早期母乳中叶黄素浓度有所下降，但它与每日叶黄素摄入量仍显著相关。因此，在等待进一步研究的同时，建议在整个孕期和哺乳期摄入富含叶黄素的新鲜水果和蔬菜的膳食建议非常有用。
