McPhee Jamie S, Williams Alun G, Stewart Claire, Baar Keith, Schindler Joaquin Perez, Aldred Sarah, Maffulli Nicola, Sargeant Anthony J, Jones David A
Institute for Biomedical Research into Human Movement and Health, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK.
Exp Physiol. 2009 Jun;94(6):684-94. doi: 10.1113/expphysiol.2008.045658. Epub 2009 Feb 13.
Considerable variability exists between people in their health- and performance-related adaptations to conventional endurance training. We hypothesized that some of this variability might be due to differences in the training stimulus received by the working muscles. In 71 young sedentary women we observed large variations in the ratio of one-leg cycling muscle aerobic capacity (V(O2peak)) to two-leg cycling whole-body maximal oxygen uptake (V(O2max); Ratio(1:2); range 0.58-0.96). The variability in Ratio(1:2) was primarily due to differences between people in one-leg V(O2peak) (r = 0.71, P < 0.0005) and was not related to two-leg V(O2max) (r = 0.15, P = 0.209). Magnetic resonance imaging (n = 30) and muscle biopsy sampling (n = 20) revealed that one-leg V(O2peak) was mainly determined by muscle volume (r = 0.73, P < 0.0005) rather than muscle fibre type or oxidative capacity. A high one-leg V(O2peak) was associated with favourable lipoprotein profiles (P = 0.033, n = 24) but this was not the case for two-leg V(O2max). Calculations based on these data suggest that conventional two-leg exercise at 70% V(O2max) requires subjects with the lowest Ratio(1:2) to work their legs at 60% of single-leg V(O2peak), whilst those with the highest Ratio(1:2) work their legs at only 36% of maximum. It was concluded that endurance training carried out according to current guidelines will result in highly variable training stimuli for the leg muscles and variable magnitudes of adaptation. These conclusions have implications for the prescription of exercise to improve health and for investigations into the genetic basis of muscle adaptations.
人们在与健康和运动表现相关的常规耐力训练适应性方面存在很大差异。我们推测，这种差异的部分原因可能是工作肌肉所接受的训练刺激不同。在71名久坐不动的年轻女性中，我们观察到单腿骑行肌肉有氧能力（V（O2峰值））与双腿骑行全身最大摄氧量（V（O2最大值））的比值（Ratio(1:2)）存在很大差异；范围为0.58 - 0.96）。Ratio(1:2)的差异主要是由于个体单腿V（O2峰值）的不同（r = 0.71，P < 0.0005），与双腿V（O2最大值）无关（r = 0.15，P = 0.209）。磁共振成像（n = 30）和肌肉活检采样（n = 20）显示，单腿V（O2峰值）主要由肌肉体积决定（r = 0.73，P < 0.0005），而不是肌肉纤维类型或氧化能力。高单腿V（O2峰值）与良好的脂蛋白谱相关（P = 0.033，n = 24），但双腿V（O2最大值）并非如此。基于这些数据的计算表明，以70% V（O2最大值）进行常规双腿运动时，Ratio(1:2)最低的受试者需要以单腿V（O2峰值）的60%来锻炼腿部，而Ratio(1:2)最高的受试者仅以最大值的36%来锻炼腿部。得出的结论是，按照当前指南进行的耐力训练将导致腿部肌肉的训练刺激高度可变，适应程度也各不相同。这些结论对改善健康的运动处方以及肌肉适应的遗传基础研究具有启示意义。
