Huang Zijing, Chen Jiayong, Chen Lunxin, Zhang Mingyang, Zhang Wenfeng, Sun Jian, Li Duanying
Digitalized Performance Training Laboratory, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, 510500, China.
School of Athletic Training, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, 510500, China.
J Exerc Sci Fit. 2024 Apr;22(2):159-167. doi: 10.1016/j.jesf.2024.02.005. Epub 2024 Feb 20.
Due to the character of the taekwondo, the adenosine triphosphate-phosphocreatine system provides the energy for each kick, the glycolytic system supports the repeated execution of kicks, and the aerobic system promotes recovery between these movements and the bout. Therefore, taekwondo athletes require high explosive power and anaerobic capacity in order to carry out sustained and powerful attacks. So, the purpose of this study is to compare the effects of APRE and VBRT on lower-limb explosive power and anaerobic capacity in college taekwondo players.
A total of 30 taekwondo players completed an 8-week training intervention with autoregulatory progressive resistance exercise (APRE; = 15) and velocity-based resistance training (VBRT; = 15). Testing included the one-repetition maximum squat, countermovement jump (CMJ), taekwondo anaerobic intermittent kick test (TAIKT), and 30-s Wingate anaerobic test (WAnT).
(1) Intragroup comparisons revealed significant effects for one-repetition maximum squat, peak power of CMJ (CMJ), relative peak power of CMJ (CMJ), and total number of TAIKT (TAIKT) in both the APRE and VBRT groups. The VBRT group exhibited small effect sizes for time at peak power of WAnT (WAnT) and moderate effect sizes for peak power of WAnT (WAnT), relative peak power of WAnT (WAnT), and fatigue index of TAIKT (TAIKT), whereas the APRE group exhibited small effect sizes for TAIKT. (2) Intergroup comparisons revealed no significant effects in any of the results. However, VBRT demonstrated a moderate advantage in WAnT and WAnT, whereas APRE had a small advantage in CMJ and CMJ.
These findings suggest that APRE improved explosive power (CMJ and CMJ) more, whereas VBRT improved anaerobic power output (WAnT and WAnT) more. Both methods were found to have similar effects in improving the anaerobic endurance (WAnT and TAIKT) and fatigue index (power drop of WAnT and TAIKT).
由于跆拳道运动的特点，三磷酸腺苷 - 磷酸肌酸系统为每次踢腿提供能量，糖酵解系统支持踢腿动作的重复执行，有氧系统促进这些动作及回合间的恢复。因此，跆拳道运动员需要具备高爆发力和无氧能力才能进行持续有力的攻击。所以，本研究的目的是比较自动调节渐进性抗阻训练（APRE）和基于速度的抗阻训练（VBRT）对高校跆拳道运动员下肢爆发力和无氧能力的影响。
共有30名跆拳道运动员完成了为期8周的训练干预，其中15人进行自动调节渐进性抗阻训练（APRE），15人进行基于速度的抗阻训练（VBRT）。测试项目包括一次重复最大深蹲、反向纵跳（CMJ）、跆拳道无氧间歇踢腿测试（TAIKT）和30秒温盖特无氧测试（WAnT）。
（1）组内比较显示，APRE组和VBRT组在一次重复最大深蹲、CMJ的峰值功率（CMJ）、CMJ的相对峰值功率（CMJ）以及TAIKT的总次数（TAIKT）方面均有显著效果。VBRT组在WAnT的峰值功率时间（WAnT）上显示出小的效应量，在WAnT的峰值功率（WAnT）、WAnT的相对峰值功率（WAnT）以及TAIKT的疲劳指数（TAIKT）上显示出中等效应量，而APRE组在TAIKT上显示出小的效应量。（2）组间比较显示，所有结果均无显著影响。然而，VBRT在WAnT和WAnT上显示出中等优势，而APRE在CMJ和CMJ上有小的优势。
这些研究结果表明，APRE对爆发力（CMJ和CMJ）的提升更大，而VBRT对无氧功率输出（WAnT和WAnT）的提升更大。两种方法在提高无氧耐力（WAnT和TAIKT）和疲劳指数（WAnT和TAIKT的功率下降）方面具有相似的效果。
