体育锻炼频率对2型糖尿病患者血糖控制和身体成分的影响。
Effect of frequency of physical exercise on glycemic control and body composition in type 2 diabetic patients.
作者信息
Vancea Denise Maria Martins, Vancea José Nelson, Pires Maria Izabel Fernandes, Reis Marco Antonio, Moura Rafael Brandão, Dib Sergio Atala
机构信息
Universidade Federal de São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
出版信息
Arq Bras Cardiol. 2009 Jan;92(1):23-30. doi: 10.1590/s0066-782x2009000100005.
BACKGROUND
Diabetes and cardiovascular disease have emerged as key threats to human health, and the risk is increased in individuals with visceral obesity. The consensus is that physical exercise should be part of the treatment of diabetes mellitus (DM).
OBJECTIVE
To compare the influence of guided and structured physical exercise programs (SPEP), three to five times per week, during a period of 20 weeks, on glycemic control and body composition of type 2 diabetic patients (DM2).
METHODS
The research was conducted at the Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Federal University School of Medicine in São Paulo). At the clinical visit, patients from the Control Group (CG) n=17, mean age 55.8 years, were encouraged to engage in a physical exercise program. Patients from Group 3x (G3), n=14, mean age 57.4 years, were to engage in 1 hour of physical exercise, 3x/week, and Group 5x (G5), n=9, mean age 58.8 years, followed the same protocol but 5x/week. Mean of 5 years since diagnosis in all groups. Classes consisted of a 5-minute warm-up, 30-minute treadmill walk at 70% of maximum heart rate, and 10-minute relaxation. BMI, abdominal circumference (AC), percentage of body fat (BF), capillary glycemia (CG), fasting glycemia (FG), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were assessed.
RESULTS
A comparison was made between the baseline time point (B) and the 20th week (20th). BMI in G3 (B:29.5+/-2.9 vs. 20th: 28.3 +/- 2.2 Kg/sqm, p=0.005) and G5 (B:29.7+/-4.4 vs. 20th: 29.1 +/- 4.3 Kg/sqm, p=0.025); abdominal circumference in G5 (B:100.5+/-11.9 vs. 20th: 933 +/- 11.7 cm, p=0.001); BF in G3 (B:31+/-5.1 vs 20th: 26+/-5%, p=0.001) and G5 (B:32.4 +/- 5.4 vs. 20th: 30.3 +/- 6.9%, p=0.001); FG, G5 (B:150.8 +/- 47.5 vs. 20th: 109.2+/- 30.5 mg/dL, p=0.034), showed statistically significant differences. CG did not show statistically significant differences for these variables. CG showed a tendency to drop after physical exercise in G5. HbA1c showed no statistically significant differences in the three groups.
CONCLUSION
G5 did better than G3 in most parameters assessed. However, results failed to show a decrease of HbA1c in DM2 patients.
背景
糖尿病和心血管疾病已成为对人类健康的主要威胁，内脏肥胖个体的患病风险会增加。目前的共识是体育锻炼应成为糖尿病治疗的一部分。
目的
比较每周进行三至五次、为期20周的有指导的结构化体育锻炼计划（SPEP）对2型糖尿病患者（DM2）血糖控制和身体成分的影响。
方法
该研究在圣保罗联邦大学（圣保罗联邦大学医学院）进行。在临床就诊时，鼓励对照组（CG）的17名患者（平均年龄55.8岁）参加体育锻炼计划。3x组（G3）的14名患者（平均年龄57.4岁）每周进行3次、每次1小时的体育锻炼，5x组（G5）的9名患者（平均年龄58.8岁）遵循相同方案但每周进行5次。所有组自确诊以来平均病程为5年。课程包括5分钟的热身、以最大心率的70%在跑步机上行走30分钟以及10分钟的放松。评估了体重指数（BMI）、腹围（AC）、体脂百分比（BF）、毛细血管血糖（CG）、空腹血糖（FG）和糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）。
结果
对基线时间点（B）和第20周（20th）进行了比较。G3组的BMI（B：29.5±2.9 vs. 20th：28.3±2.2 Kg/m²，p = 0.005）和G5组（B：29.7±4.4 vs. 20th：29.1±4.3 Kg/m²，p = 0.025）；G5组的腹围（B：100.5±11.9 vs. 20th：93.3±11.7 cm，p = 0.001）；G3组的BF（B：31±5.1 vs 20th：26±5%，p = 0.001）和G5组（B：32.4±5.4 vs. 20th：30.3±6.9%，p = 0.001）；G5组的FG（B：150.8±47.5 vs. 20th：109.2±30.5 mg/dL，p = 0.034）显示出统计学显著差异。CG在这些变量上未显示出统计学显著差异。G5组体育锻炼后CG有下降趋势。三组的HbA1c均未显示出统计学显著差异。
结论
在大多数评估参数上，G5组比G3组表现更好。然而，结果未能显示DM2患者的HbA1c有所下降。
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