Loeber Rolf, Burke Jeffrey, Pardini Dustin A
School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA. USA.
J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2009 Jan;50(1-2):133-42. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2008.02011.x.
This paper presents a few perspectives on oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), conduct disorder (CD), and early forms of psychopathy. The developmental changes and stability of each, and the interrelationship between the three conditions are reviewed, and correlates and predictors are highlighted. The paper also examines effective interventions for each of the three conditions and makes recommendations for future research.
本文介绍了关于对立违抗性障碍（ODD）、品行障碍（CD）和早期形式的精神病态的一些观点。回顾了每种障碍的发展变化与稳定性，以及这三种情况之间的相互关系，并强调了相关因素和预测指标。本文还研究了针对这三种情况的有效干预措施，并为未来的研究提出了建议。
