Yamao Kenji, Bhatia Vikram, Mizuno Nobumasa, Sawaki Akira, Shimizu Yasuhiro, Irisawa Atsushi
Department of Gastroenterology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya, Japan.
J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2009 Apr;24(4):509-19. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1746.2009.05783.x.
Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) is the combination of endoscopy and intraluminal ultrasonography. This allows use of a high frequency transducer, which, due to the short distance to the target lesion, enables ultrasonographic images of high resolution to be obtained. Endoscopic ultrasonography is now a widely accepted modality for the diagnosis of pancreatobiliary diseases. It can be used to determine the depth of invasion of gastrointestinal malignancies, and often for visualizing lesions more precisely than other imaging modalities. The most important early limitation of EUS was the lack of specificity in the differentiation between benign and malignant changes. In 1992, EUS-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) of lesions in the pancreas head has been made possible using a curved linear array echoendoscope. Since then, many researchers have expanded the indication of EUS-FNA to various kinds of lesions and also for a variety of therapeutic purposes. In this review, we particularly focus on the present and future roles of interventional EUS, including EUS-FNA and therapeutic EUS.
内镜超声检查（EUS）是内镜检查与腔内超声检查的结合。这使得能够使用高频换能器，由于其与目标病变的距离较短，从而能够获得高分辨率的超声图像。内镜超声检查如今是诊断胰腺和胆道疾病广泛接受的一种方式。它可用于确定胃肠道恶性肿瘤的浸润深度，并且通常比其他成像方式更精确地显示病变。EUS最重要的早期局限性在于在鉴别良性和恶性病变方面缺乏特异性。1992年，使用弯曲线阵超声内镜实现了对胰头病变进行EUS引导下细针穿刺抽吸（EUS-FNA）。从那时起，许多研究人员已将EUS-FNA的适应证扩展到各种病变，并且还用于多种治疗目的。在本综述中，我们特别关注介入性EUS的当前和未来作用，包括EUS-FNA和治疗性EUS。
