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青少年日常吸烟中的社会不平等现象:随时间有何变化?

Social inequality in adolescent daily smoking: has it changed over time?

作者信息

Rasmussen Mette, Due Pernille, Damsgaard Mogens T, Holstein Bjørn E

机构信息

Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.

出版信息

Scand J Public Health. 2009 May;37(3):287-94. doi: 10.1177/1403494809102178. Epub 2009 Feb 17.

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND AIM

In most northern European countries adolescent smoking is most prevalent in lower social classes but there is little information about time trends in social inequality. This paper describes trends in social inequality in daily smoking among adolescents from 1991 to 2006 by both absolute social inequality (prevalence difference between low and high social class) and relative social inequality (prevalence ratio).

METHODS

We analysed 15-year-olds from the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study in Denmark in 1991, 1994, 1998, 2002 and 2006, total n = 6703. The surveys were comparable because of similar procedures for sampling, data collection, and measurements of smoking and parents' occupational social class.

FINDINGS

From 1991 to 2006 the prevalence of daily smoking decreased from 15.9% to 10.9% among boys and from 20.1% to 10.6% among girls. The social inequality fluctuated over time and was different for boys and for girls. The prevalence difference between boys from low and high social class was 5.2% in 1991 and 9.3% in 2006, corresponding figures for girls were 4.8% and 7.0%. The prevalence ratio among boys was 1.38 (in 1991) and 2.19 (in 2006), among girls 1.28 and 1.95.

CONCLUSIONS

Daily smoking was most prevalent among students from lower social classes and the level of inequality fluctuated over time. Conclusions on social inequality in adolescent smoking may appear differently when described by absolute and relative measures. The absolute and relative social inequality in adolescent smoking was higher in 2006 than in 1991.

摘要

背景与目的

在大多数北欧国家,青少年吸烟现象在社会阶层较低的群体中最为普遍,但关于社会不平等方面的时间趋势信息却很少。本文通过绝对社会不平等(低社会阶层与高社会阶层之间的患病率差异)和相对社会不平等(患病率比值)描述了1991年至2006年青少年每日吸烟情况的社会不平等趋势。

方法

我们分析了丹麦1991年、1994年、1998年、2002年和2006年学龄儿童健康行为(HBSC)研究中的15岁青少年,总数为6703人。由于抽样、数据收集以及吸烟和父母职业社会阶层测量的程序相似,这些调查具有可比性。

研究结果

从1991年到2006年,男孩每日吸烟的患病率从15.9%降至10.9%,女孩从20.1%降至10.6%。社会不平等随时间波动,且男孩和女孩有所不同。1991年低社会阶层和高社会阶层男孩之间的患病率差异为5.2%,20

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