Hublet Anne, De Bacquer Dirk, Valimaa Raili, Godeau Emmanuelle, Schmid Holger, Rahav Giora, Maes Lea
Ghent University, Department of Public Health, De Pintelaan 185, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
BMC Public Health. 2006 Nov 10;6:280. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-6-280.
Daily smoking adolescents are a public health problem as they are more likely to become adult smokers and to develop smoking-related health problems later on in their lives.
The study is part of the four-yearly, cross-national Health Behaviour in School-aged Children study, a school-based survey on a nationally representative sample using a standardised methodology. Data of 4 survey periods are available (1990-2002). Gender-specific daily smoking trends among 14-15 year olds are examined using logistic regressions. Sex ratios are calculated for each survey period and country. Interaction effects between period and gender are examined.
Daily smoking prevalence in boys in 2002 ranges from 5.5% in Sweden to 20.0% in Latvia. Among girls, the daily smoking prevalence in 2002 ranges from 8.9% in Poland to 24.7% in Austria. Three daily smoking trend groups are identified: countries with a declining or stagnating trend, countries with an increasing trend followed by a decreasing trend, and countries with an increasing trend. These trend groups show a geographical pattern, but are not linked to smoking prevalence. Over the 4 surveys, the sex ratio has changed in Belgium, Switzerland, and Latvia.
Among adolescents in Europe, three groups of countries in a different stage of the smoking epidemic curve can be identified, with girls being in an earlier stage than boys. In 2002, large differences in smoking prevalence between the countries have been observed. This predicts a high mortality due to smoking over 20-30 years for some countries, if no policy interventions are taken.
青少年每日吸烟是一个公共卫生问题，因为他们更有可能成为成年吸烟者，并在日后出现与吸烟相关的健康问题。
该研究是每四年进行一次的跨国学龄儿童健康行为研究的一部分，这是一项基于学校的调查，采用标准化方法对具有全国代表性的样本进行调查。有4个调查期的数据（1990 - 2002年）。使用逻辑回归分析14 - 15岁青少年中按性别划分的每日吸烟趋势。计算每个调查期和国家的性别比。研究时期与性别的交互作用。
2002年男孩的每日吸烟率在瑞典为5.5%，在拉脱维亚为20.0%。在女孩中，2002年的每日吸烟率在波兰为8.9%，在奥地利为24.7%。确定了三个每日吸烟趋势组：趋势下降或停滞的国家、先上升后下降的国家以及呈上升趋势的国家。这些趋势组呈现出地理分布模式，但与吸烟率无关。在这4次调查中，比利时、瑞士和拉脱维亚的性别比发生了变化。
在欧洲青少年中，可以确定处于吸烟流行曲线不同阶段的三组国家，女孩比男孩处于更早的阶段。2002年，各国之间的吸烟率存在很大差异。如果不采取政策干预措施，这预示着一些国家在20 - 30年内因吸烟导致的高死亡率。
