Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, South Limburg Mental Health Research and Teaching Network, EURON, Maastricht University Medical Centre, The Netherlands.
Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet. 2009 Dec 5;150B(8):1078-84. doi: 10.1002/ajmg.b.30933.
It has been suggested that self-reported, common, non-clinical psychotic experiences may represent the transitory developmental expression of distributed genetic risk for psychosis. In a sample of female MZ (176 pairs) and DZ twins (113 pairs), cross-twin, cross-trait analyses were conducted to investigate the association between repeated continuous measures of self-reported psychotic experiences (PE-three measures over 18 months), assessed with the CAPE, in one twin and clinical interview categorical measures of psychotic symptoms (PS), assessed with SCID-I, in the other twin. The results showed that in MZ but not DZ pairs (interaction: chi(2) = 7.9, df = 1, P = 0.005), the cross-twin association between PE and PS was large and significant (standardized effect size: 0.26, 95% CI: 0.10-0.42) and of similar magnitude as the within-twin PE-PS association (standardized effect size: 0.28, 95% CI: 0.10-0.45), demonstrating both PE validity and genetic effects. In addition, the cross-twin association between PE and PS was significantly larger (interaction: chi(2) = 20.3, df = 1, P < 0.0001) for younger MZ twins (standardized effect size: 0.67, 95% CI: 0.44-0.90) than older MZ twins (standardized effect size: -0.05, 95% CI: -0.26 to 0.16), demonstrating developmental effects. This study indicates that self-reported psychotic experiences in the general population may represent the developmental expression of population genetic risk for psychosis.
有人认为，自我报告的常见非临床精神病体验可能代表了精神病的分布式遗传风险的短暂发展表现。在女性 MZ（176 对）和 DZ（113 对）双胞胎样本中，进行了跨双胞胎、跨特质分析，以调查双胞胎之一的自我报告精神病体验（CAPE 评估，三次测量，历时 18 个月）的重复连续测量值与双胞胎之一的临床访谈分类精神病症状（SCID-I 评估）之间的关联。结果表明，在 MZ 双胞胎中，但不在 DZ 双胞胎中（交互作用：chi(2) = 7.9，df = 1，P = 0.005），PE 和 PS 之间的跨双胞胎关联是大而显著的（标准化效应大小：0.26，95%置信区间：0.10-0.42），与双胞胎内的 PE-PS 关联的大小相似（标准化效应大小：0.28，95%置信区间：0.10-0.45），证明了 PE 的有效性和遗传效应。此外，PE 和 PS 之间的跨双胞胎关联对于年轻的 MZ 双胞胎（标准化效应大小：0.67，95%置信区间：0.44-0.90）比年长的 MZ 双胞胎（标准化效应大小：-0.05，95%置信区间：-0.26 至 0.16）更大（交互作用：chi(2) = 20.3，df = 1，P < 0.0001），表明存在发育效应。本研究表明，一般人群中的自我报告精神病体验可能代表了精神病的人口遗传风险的发展表现。
