Rivière Delphine, Desvignes Virginie, Pelletier Eric, Chaussonnerie Sébastien, Guermazi Sonda, Weissenbach Jean, Li Tianlun, Camacho Patricia, Sghir Abdelghani
CIRSEE Suez Environment, 38 rue du Président Wilson, Le Pecq, France.
ISME J. 2009 Jun;3(6):700-14. doi: 10.1038/ismej.2009.2. Epub 2009 Feb 26.
The microbial consortium involved in anaerobic digestion has not yet been precisely characterized and this process remains a 'black box' with limited efficiency. In this study, seven anaerobic sludge digesters were selected based on technology, type of sludge, process and water quality. The prokaryotic community of these digesters was examined by constructing and analysing a total of 9890 16S rRNA gene clones. Libraries were constructed using primers specific for the Bacteria and Archaea domains for each digester, respectively. After phylogenetic affiliation, the libraries were compared using statistical tools to determine the similarities or differences among the seven digesters. Results show that the prokaryotic community of an anaerobic digester is composed of phylotypes commonly found in all anaerobic digesters sampled and also of specific phylotypes. The Archaea community is represented by an equilibrium among a restricted number of operational taxonomic units (OTUs). These OTUs are affiliated with Methanosarcinales, Methanomicrobiales and Arc I phylogenetic groups. Statistical analysis revealed that the Bacteria community can be described as a three component model: one-third making up a core group of phylotypes common to most of the digesters, one-third are phylotypes shared among a few digesters and another one-third are specific phylotypes. The core group is composed of only six OTUs affiliated with Chloroflexi, Betaproteobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Synergistetes. Its role in anaerobic degradation appears critical to investigate. This comparison of anaerobic digester populations is a first step towards a future understanding of the relationship among biodiversity, operating conditions and digester efficiency.
参与厌氧消化的微生物群落尚未得到精确表征，且该过程仍是一个效率有限的“黑匣子”。在本研究中，基于技术、污泥类型、工艺和水质选择了七个厌氧污泥消化器。通过构建和分析总共9890个16S rRNA基因克隆，对这些消化器的原核生物群落进行了检测。分别使用针对每个消化器的细菌域和古菌域的特异性引物构建文库。在进行系统发育归属后，使用统计工具对文库进行比较，以确定七个消化器之间的异同。结果表明，厌氧消化器的原核生物群落由所有采样的厌氧消化器中常见的系统发育型以及特定的系统发育型组成。古菌群落由数量有限的操作分类单元（OTU）之间的平衡代表。这些OTU隶属于甲烷八叠球菌目、甲烷微菌目和Arc I系统发育组。统计分析表明，细菌群落可描述为一个三成分模型：三分之一构成大多数消化器共有的系统发育型核心组，三分之一是少数消化器共有的系统发育型，另外三分之一是特定的系统发育型。核心组仅由六个隶属于绿弯菌门、β-变形菌纲、拟杆菌门和互养菌门的OTU组成。其在厌氧降解中的作用似乎至关重要，值得研究。这种对厌氧消化器种群的比较是朝着未来理解生物多样性、运行条件和消化器效率之间关系迈出的第一步。
